Ongororo yeUrban Health uye Wellbeing Chirongwa

Chirevo ichi chinonyora yakazvimiririra yepakati-temu inogadzirisa ongororo yeInternational Science Council (ISC) [1] chirongwa chebasa chakanzi "Urban Health and Wellbeing: A Systems Approach". Chirongwa ichi, chakavambwa muna 2014, parizvino chiri kutsigirwa neUnited Nations University International Institute of Global Health (UNU-IIGH) uye InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), nerutsigiro rwakakura rwemari kubva kuChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) muXiamen. , China.

Sezvo ongororo yakanangana nekuzivisa chikamu chinotevera chechirongwa chemakore gumi ichi, boka rekuongorora rakanangana nebasa raro pakuona nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekukura negwara.

Key dzakawanikwa

• Ongororo yedare rekuongorora ndeye kuti International Program Office (IPO) yakagadzira 'chirongwa chesainzi' chine shungu uye komiti inotungamira inokatyamadza, pamwe nevatambi venzvimbo.
• Mumakore matatu kana kupfuura ekutanga, IPO yakasangana nematambudziko akati wandei mukuzadzisa zvinangwa nezvinangwa zvayo sezvakarongwa muchirongwa. Aya matambudziko, anotarisirwa nechero IPO itsva, anobva kunyaya dzine chekuita nemutauro nevashandi kusvika pakujekesa zvinotarisirwa. Bato rekuongorora nderepfungwa yekuti pfungwa huru yechirongwa - kugadzira tsvakiridzo inoenderana negwara - yaive nechido, uye iyo yakapihwa zviwanikwa zvishoma, zvinoda kunyatsofunga zvakare kuti ungaendera mberi sei. Hurongwa hwekubatanidzwa kwemapurojekiti ekutsvagisa hahusati hwazadzikiswa.

Mazano

Mune maonero akatariswa edare rekuongorora, chirongwa hachisiri munzira yekuzadzisa zvinangwa sezvakataurwa muchirongwa chesainzi chekutanga. Sematanho anotevera ane musoro, boka rekuongorora rinokurudzira kuti:

• Hutungamiri hweIPO hunofanira kushanda pamwe chete neCAS uye komiti inotungamira kuti idzokorore hurongwa hwesainzi kuitira kupa zvinangwa nezvinangwa zvinoenderana, zvinogoneka uye zvinogoneka.
• IPO inokurudzirwa zvakasimba kuti imise modhi ine logic uye/kana metrics yekuyera (eg key performance indicators) iyo inozoshanda sechidzoreso chekushanda kwezuva nezuva uye senzira yekuongorora.

Bato rekuongorora rinotendawo zvakasimba kuti chirongwa chine simba rakakwana rekugonesa kudzika-pasi, chinangwa chakanangwa muchikamu chayo chinotevera uye chekupedzisira, kana matanho akakodzera evashandi aitwa.

[1] The International Science Council (ISC) yakaumbwa muna 2018 zvichitevera kubatanidzwa kweInternational Council for Science (ICSU) neInternational Social Science Council (ISSC). Chirevo ichi chakagadzirwa kusati kwabatanidzwa; pazvinenge zvakakodzera, mazita akagadziridzwa kuratidza kuti ISC mubatsiri wechirongwa ichi kubva muna Chikunguru 2018.

Hutano hwevanhu hwakaonekwa muInternational Council for Science (ICSU) Strategic Plan (2006-2011) sechinhu chitsva chekutsvagisa, nechinangwa chakataurwa "kuona kuti kufunga nezvehutano kunocherechedzwa mukuronga uye kuitwa kwezviitwa zvenguva yemberi. kuvaka pamusoro pesimba rakakodzera reScientific Unions uye Interdisciplinary Bodies. "

Kunyatso tsanangura kuti ICSU inogona kubatsira sei kusayenzi yehutano hwevanhu, boka re scoping rakavambwa muna 2006. Basa reboka re scoping raive rekufunga nezve hutano huri kutogadzirwa mukati menharaunda yeICSU uye kuona dzimwe nzvimbo kana nzira uko ICSU ingangoita. wedzera kukosha kune izvi zvirongwa.

Boka rinoongorora rakaona kuti akati wandei eICSU's Scientific Unions and Interdisciplinary Bodies akanga atanga kugadzira danho resainzi rehutano nekugara zvakanaka kubva kutanga kwa2002. Uye muna 2007, Earth Systems Science Partnership, iyo yakaunza pamwechete shanduko yepasi rose yeICSU. zvirongwa, yakaburitsa chirongwa chesainzi chekuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, ICSU Dunhu reAfrica rakange raita ongororo yezvehutano zvinodiwa kukondinendi. Matanho aya anoratidza kuwedzera kwekuziva uye kufarira, mune zvese zviri zviviri mutemo nenzvimbo dzekutsvagisa, yehukama pakati pemazuva ano ecology yevanhu vemumaguta nenjodzi dzehuwandu hwemhedzisiro yehutano hwakashata.

Mushure mekubvunzana nenharaunda yesainzi yeICSU, boka idzva rekuronga rakavambwa muna 2008 kuendesa mberi mazano akaonekwa muchiitwa chekuongorora. Mhedzisiro yaive chirongwa chesainzi chazvino chinopa zano rekutanga rekufunga nezve hunhu hwakasiyana-siyana hwezvose zvinosarudza uye kuratidzwa kwehutano nekugara zvakanaka muhuwandu hwemaguta epasi rose. Pamusoro pekukurudzira mapurojekiti ekutsvagisa, chirongwa chitsva chesainzi chehutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka (UHWB) chakarairwa kuti chitarise pane:

• Kugadzira nzira nyowani uye kuona zvinodiwa nedata uye mapundu eruzivo.
• Kuvaka nekusimbisa kugona kwesainzi.
• Kufambisa kutaurirana uye kuparidzira.

Mukuita kudaro, zviitwa zvechirongwa cheUHWB zvinoitirwa ku:

• Kurudzira maitiro ehurongwa kune hutano hwevanhu uye kugara zvakanaka munzvimbo inoshanduka yemaguta pakati pemasayendisiti nevanoita sarudzo.
• Simbisa kugona kuita tsvakiridzo nezvehutano hwevanhu uye kugara zvakanaka munzvimbo inoshanduka yedhorobha uchishandisa maitiro ehurongwa.
• Kurudzira mari masisitimu maitiro ehutano hwevanhu uye kugara zvakanaka mukusandura nharaunda dzemaguta.
• Kuwedzeredza kunzwisiswa kwehutano hwemaguta uye hutano hwakanaka muzvikamu nezvikamu.
• Mediate sainzi uye tekinoroji mibatanidzwa yekushandisa smart tekinoroji mhinduro dzehutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka.
• Pesvedzera chirongwa chepasi rose kuti chisanganise zvirongwa zvehutano hwemumaguta.

Zvinoenderana neiyo 'yakajairwa' ICSU modhi yekuitwa kwechirongwa, zviitiko izvi zvaifanira kutariswa uye kutungamirwa neyakazvitsaurira yepasirese, interdisciplinary Scientific Committee uye IPO yakagadzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuitwa kunoshanda. Izvi zvaifungidzirwa sechirongwa chemakore gumi, kubvumira nguva yakakwana yekutsvagisa uye nharaunda dzemitemo dzine chekuita nehutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka kutora nzira dzekuongorora masisitimu.

Muna 2011, General Assembly yeICSU yakatsigira zvirongwa zvehurongwa hutsva hwepasi rose "Health and Wellbeing in Changing Urban Environment: a Systems Analysis Approach". Muna 2014, IPO yakavhurwa muXiamen, China, inogarwa neInstitute of Urban Environment (IUE) kuCAS, ichipa hubhu yekudyidzana kwesainzi ruzivo rwekuvandudza, kuchinjana uye kutaurirana.

Chirongwa cheUHWB chirongwa chesainzi chepasi rose uye nhengo dzeInternational Science Council, inotsigirwa neUNU-IIGH neIAP. IPO yayo inobatwa neIUE yeCAS muXiamen, China.

Chiono chechirongwa ndechekugadzira policy-relevant ruzivo runobva pane a maitiro anosvika izvo zvinoda kuvandudza hutano hwehutano, kuderedza kusaenzana kwehutano uye kuwedzera kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu vepasi rose vemumaguta. Chirongwa ichi chakagadzirirwa kuvakira pamusoro, uye kugadzira kuwirirana ne, sainzi uye nharaunda dzemitemo, yakatarisana nehutano hwehuwandu hwevanhu uye kugadzirisa zvakakosha zvakanyanya asi-zvakadaro-zvisina kunyatsodzidza maonero ezve systemic zvinotaridza hutano hwevanhu uye kugara zvakanaka.

Chirongwa ichi chinotarisisa maguta ane hutano anotevera anoshanda seakasanganiswa masisitimu akaomarara anopa mabhenefiti ehutano uye kugara zvakanaka kwevagari pasina kukanganisa hutano hwepuraneti.

Zvinangwa zvechirongwa chesainzi ichi chinoratidza chimiro sezvakatsanangurwa nerondedzero yeboka rekuronga (ICSU 2011):

1. Kukurudzira uye kuronga zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa kuburikidza nekugadzira zvidzidzo zvepamusoro zvezvidzidzo; kuburikidza nekugonesa zvirinani-ruzivo rwekuita sarudzo kubva kune vakasiyana-siyana vanobatanidzwa muhutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka; uye nekutanga masisitimu maitiro ehutano uye kugara zvakanaka munharaunda yemaguta senzvimbo inobudirira uye yakakodzera yekutsvakurudza kwemarudzi akasiyana.
2. Kugadzira nzira uye kuona data inoda nekupa mazano ekuvandudza masisitimu maitiro uye nzira dzinoshanda kune mamwe matambudziko ehutano uye kugara zvakanaka munharaunda yemaguta; nekuona zvidikanwi zvedata zvinozivisa nekupesvedzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoenderera uye zvakarongwa zvekutarisa nekutarisa zvirongwa; uye nekuona data nyowani kubva kuongororo yechitatu yezvidzidzo inogona kuitwa kuti iwanikwe pachena.
3. Kuvaka nekusimbisa kugona nekuvaka hunyanzvi hwesainzi uye kutsigira mapuratifomu akasarudzika anodiwa kuita tsvagiridzo yehutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka uchishandisa maitiro ehurongwa; nekuvaka kugona kwevagadziri vemitemo nevarapi kuti vanzwisise tsvakiridzo yesainzi nezvehutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka vachishandisa nzira yehurongwa; nekufambisa kugadzwa kwemanetiweki mukutsvagisa, mabhizinesi uye nharaunda dzeveruzhinji dzinotora maitiro ehurongwa kune hutano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka; uye nekuwedzera huwandu hwevadzidzi nemasayendisiti vechidiki vane chishuwo chekuita tsvagiridzo uye zvemabhizimusi nekuita mabasa ekuita zvehutano hwemaguta nekugara zvakanaka vachishandisa masisitimu maitiro anobata nenyaya dzine chekuita negwara.
4. Kutaurirana ruzivo rutsva: kukwidziridzwa uye kuparidziranekugadzira foramu chaiyo senzvimbo yereferensi yenharaunda yesainzi nevamwe vane chekuita; nekusimudzira kudyidzana nekudyidzana pakati pevaongorori uye nevamwe vane chekuita navo, kuburikidza nemisangano nemashopu; uye nekuita kuti mhedzisiro iwanikwe kune vakawanda vanobatana mune yakakodzera fomati inovabvumira kuti vanzwisise zviri nyore.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu epasi rose kwezvakatipoteredza, hupfumi uye shanduko yemagariro evanhu, zvichida hapana chiitiko chinonyanya kushamisa kupfuura kuguta kwemaguta. Nechekare, inopfuura hafu yavagari venyika inogara mumaguta. Mararamiro emumadhorobha uye kuwanda kwekusiyana-siyana kwemamiriro emudhorobha hakuna kungogadzira hurongwa hutsva hwemagariro uye mitemo yetsika, asiwo hurongwa hutsva hwemabasa ehurongwa hwehutano uye kushandura maitiro ekuwana nekudiwa kwehutano nezvimwe zviwanikwa mukati nepakati pemaguta. Urbanization inomiririra zvese mukana uye njodzi, uye nyowani seti yezvinetso kune avo vane chekuita nekuchengetedza nekusimudzira hutano hwevanhu uye kugara zvakanaka. Propinquity inopa kusimuka kune zvese mabhenefiti uye zvisingabatsiri - hupfumi hwekusangana uye chiyero, asiwo kusakosha kwekusangana uye kuwanda kwemasangano.

Maguta ave musimboti wekuchengetedza ramangwana rakagadzikana rakarongwa muNew Urban Agenda, Sustainable Development Goals uye zvimwe zvakakosha zve2030 Agenda yeSustainable Development. Iyo mbiru nhatu dzekuchinja kwehupfumi, magariro, uye kwezvakatipoteredza dzinogona kuwanikwa zvirinani mukati memaguta, ayo anoverengera makumi manomwe neshanu muzana eGDP yepasi rose uye 75% yepasi rose kabhoni emissions, uye vatambi vedanho remaguta vanoita basa rinowedzera kukosha munhau dzepasirese uye dzedunhu.

Sainzi zvakare ine basa rekuita mukukonzeresa shanduko uye inogona kuve mubatsiri ane simba kune vezvematongerwo enyika nevanoita sarudzo. Nzira idzo sainzi dzinogona kupesvedzera bumbiro nerutsigiro shanduko dzinofanirwa kusimbiswa nekusimudzirwa.

Iyo megatrend yemaguta (1.5 miriyoni pasvondo inowedzerwa kuhuwandu hwemaguta epasirese, uye 90% yekukura ikoko kunoitika munyika dzeAfrica neAsia) ichaisa zvikumbiro zvakakura pazvivakwa, masevhisi, kusikwa kwemabasa, mamiriro ekunze, nharaunda, uye zvakanaka. -kuva. Michina yenguva refu inogadzira ruzivo yakaita seIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) yatora dambudziko remumaguta. Asi iyi shanduko yemadhorobha yepasi rose inoda maitiro akawanda uye akawanda-dimensional.

Pakazere, chirongwa cheUHWB inzira refu kubva pakusvika pazvinangwa zvayo zvakakura. Vaongorori vanoratidza kuti chinodiwa munguva pfupi ndiyo nzira yekuisa pamberi pezviitwa uye pfungwa inopindirana yekuti ndeipi yakanakisa kushandisa zviwanikwa zvishoma. Zvakare, panofanirwa kuve neyakawanda nzira yakanangwa yekubatana - nevadyidzani, vamwe vaongorori, vanogadzira mitemo uye veruzhinji. Chirongwa ichi, kuburikidza neSainzi Komiti, chinofanirwa kushanda kugadzira hurongwa hwebasa hwakanyanya uye hwakanangana.

Vaongorori vanoona kuti IPO yaisa simba rakawanda mukunyora zvikumbiro zvekutsvagisa uye kuenda kumisangano yesainzi mukuyedza kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuronga mapurojekiti ekutsvagisa. Zvakadaro, kwakawanda kwekuedza uku kwave kutora mukana kwete kuronga, uye Komiti yeSainzi inofanirwa kupa gwara rakasimba rekuti simba rinoshandiswa kupi zvichipihwa kuti zviwanikwa zvishoma.

Chinangwa chekugadzira nzira dzezvinodiwa nedata chinoramba chichizadzikiswa. Kuburikidza nekuita Komiti yaro yeSainzi, chirongwa ichi chakavaka hwaro hwakasimba nekumisikidza yakasununguka 'network' yeanoshanda system sainzi vanoongorora. Mukana wemakore mashanu anotevera ndewekuwedzera nekusimbisa network iyi.

Chirongwa ichi chakanetsekawo kuzadzisa chinangwa che'kuronga' tsvakiridzo. Izvi zvakaratidza kuti zvakaoma nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka: zviwanikwa zvishoma (vashandi); nyaya dzemutauro; Tsananguro yebasa reMutungamiriri Mukuru (kureva kuti 20% chete yenguva inofanirwa kutsaurirwa kumabasa ekutsvagisa); uye mazwi ereferenzi eSainzi Komiti (kureva kuti kwete kuburitsa zvakaburitswa zvechirongwa). Nezvimhingamipinyi izvi, zvakaoma kuona kuti tsvakiridzo yepakutanga ichagadzirwa kupi.

Chirongwa ichi chakashanda kufambisa kusimudzirwa kwe 'systems approach' - sezvakaratidzirwa nemisangano yakasiyana-siyana uye misangano umo Executive Director vakabata nesimba. Zvakadaro, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezviwanikwa, uye nenyaya yekuti chirongwa hachina kukwanisa kutora Mukuru Wezvekufambiswa kwemashoko, kukwidziridzwa kwezviitwa zvechirongwa hakuna kubudirira sezvaitarisirwa. Imwe nzira yepragmatic inodiwa kuenda kumberi, iyo inokurudzira secretariat yeIPO kuti iite mune yakasanganiswa modhi inogadzira zviwanikwa zvekunze, panguva imwe chete ichifambisa uye inosimudzira mabasa ekutsvagisa evamwe - ndiko kuti, vadyidzani vekunze.

Kudyidzana kwakanaka kwechirongwa ichi neInternational Society for Urban Health (ISUH), uye kunyanya kongiresi yayo yepagore, inopa mukana wakanaka wekuwana hwaro hwekuita vadzidzi, uye kukurudzira kuvandudzwa kwechizvarwa chitsva chesainzi system. Uyezve, nehutungamiriri hweSainzi Komiti ine mukurumbira, pane mukana wekukura munda nekutsikisa nyaya dzakakosha dzemagazini pamwe neanodhindwa pasi rose mamonographs ane chekuita nenyaya dziri kumberi kwesainzi yehurongwa (semuenzaniso, bhuku reISUH).

Kusimbisa, kugadzira, kusimudzira, kutsigira nekushandisa sisitimu sainzi vanoongorora vatove mumambure kunofanirwa kunge kuri kutarisisa. Chinangwa chikuru chinofanira kunge chiri chekushandisa pahunyanzvi hwevaongorori ava kudzidzisa chizvarwa chinotevera chehurongwa hwesainzi munzvimbo yekucheka-kumucheto kwekuita masisitimu sainzi. Kugadzira network yakarongeka yemasaenzi ehurongwa - kunyanya vekutanga uye vepakati-basa vadzidzi vanokwanisa kukurudzira tsvakiridzo yemunhu uye kuburitsa zvitsva zvakawanikwa - zvichabatsira kupa yakawanda inoshanda portfolio yechirongwa.

Tichifunga nezve kukurumidza kukurumidza kwemadhorobha kunoitika muChina, uye chokwadi chekuti chirongwa ichi chirimo, ungave mukana wakarasika kana kuyedza kukasaitwa kusimudzira network yemasaenzi ehurongwa munyika. Sangano rinogamuchira, IUE, rinofanira uye rinofanirwa kuita basa rakakosha mukutanga, kusimudzira nekufambisa network iyi, nekomiti yesainzi yemumba inoona nezvekuvandudzwa kwayo.

Chirongwa cheUHWB chine vashandi veIPO (Mutungamiriri Mukuru uye Administrative Assistant panguva yekunyora; hapana Sainzi Officer kana Communications Officer), uye Komiti yeSainzi. Dare reSainzi rinotsanangura zvinokosheswa uye nzira yekushandisa chirongwa, inotsanangura mutemo uye inoita basa rekuzivisa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushanda neMutungamiriri Mukuru mukukumbira imwe mari inodiwa pakuitwa kwezviitwa zvechirongwa zvinotungamirwa, kana kurongeka kuburikidza, neIPO. Chirongwa ichi chinoshanda pasi pezvivakwa zvenzvimbo inotambira - Institute of Urban Environment iri paChinese Academy yeSainzi - inopa masevhisi emukati nerutsigiro rwemari, inoshanda pasi peiyo sangano uye yenyika inotambira maitiro emukati ekushanda.

Muchokwadi, chirongwa ichi chidiki kwazvo kuti chiite kuti pave nehutongi hwakadzama. Zvisinei, panguva imwe cheteyo, mabasa nemitoro zvinoratidzika kuva zvinorwisana. Dambudziko guru reMutungamiriri Mukuru nderokukwikwidza zvinokosheswa kwechirongwa chepasi rose chinotarisana nenzvimbo yaro mukati menzvimbo yekutsvagisa yekuChina; uye zvirambidzo pahuwandu hwenguva yakagoverwa mabasa ekutsvagisa (kureva 20%). Kuedza kukunda kusawirirana uku kunoda kugadziriswa, zvinotarisirwa zvichijekeswa pane zvinogoneka mukati mezvimhingamipinyi zvebasa.

Kujekeswa uku kunofanira kuitwa zvichifambirana nemusangano wekuronga zvine hungwaru unofambiswa neDare reSainzi kuitira kuti ritarise chinangwa chechirongwa, chiono, nezvirongwa zvekuita mukati mechikamu chekupedzisira. Musangano we2019 weInternational Conference on Urban Health, uyo chirongwa ichi chiri kubatira pamwe, chinopa chikuva chakanakira kubata idzi nhaurirano, pamwe nemotokari yekuzadzisa chirongwa chekuvaka kugona uye mabasa ekuvandudza network.

Kugadzira chirongwa chekutsvagisa chemumba chinotsigirwa neanotaura Co-director kana Associate Director, pamwe nevamwe vepashure-chiremba uye vadzidzi vechiremba, vanogona kubatsira chirongwa ichi munzira dzinenge mbiri. Izvo zvaizopa rutsigiro rwakawanda kuMutungamiriri Mukuru mukuedza kwake kugadzira chirongwa chepasi rose - nevadzidzi vari kubatsirwa nekuvhurwa kwetiweki yakakura yevaongorori (kuburikidza neSainzi Komiti). Uye yaizotsigira kusimudzira network mukati meChina uku ichigadzira chirongwa chekutsvagisa chepamba chakatarisana nehutano hwemadhorobha uye kugara zvakanaka kuburikidza nelenzi yesainzi system.

Basa nemabasa eSainzi Committee zvinofanirwa kudzokororwa. Zviri pachena kuti mamwe mabasa haana kuzadzikiswa maererano nemashoko ayo ekutanga ereferensi. Dare reSainzi, pamwe chete neMutungamiriri Mukuru, vanofanira kuongororazve kushanda kwaro uye mazwi ekutaura, uye kubatsira Mutungamiriri Mukuru mukugadzirisa hurongwa hutsva hwekuita hwesainzi hunoenderana, hunogoneka uye hunowanikwa mukati mehupenyu hwasara hwechirongwa. . Dare reSainzi rinofanirwa kuongorora mafambiro echirongwa ichi vachienzanisa nezviratidzo zvekushanda zvakanyanya nguva nenguva.

Boka rekuongorora rinobvuma kuti mari yakawanda, zviwanikwa, uye nyasha zvakapinda mukugadzira, kusimudzira uye kutonga kwechirongwa cheUHWB sezvachiri parizvino. Chikwereti kune vanhu vanobatanidzwa, uye boka rekuongorora rinoona rupo rwemari nerutsigiro rwemhando rwakapihwa kusvika parizvino nesangano rinotambira uye nechikamu chinotevera chechirongwa.

Chirongwa ichi chinoshanda pasi pezvivakwa zvenzvimbo inotambira - IUE yeCAS - iyo inopa masevhisi emukati nerutsigiro rwemari, inoshanda pasi peiyo sangano uye yenyika inotambira maitiro emukati ekushanda. Zvisinei, pasinei nechido chekugamuchira chirongwa chepasi rose chakadai seichi, matambudziko mashomanana anoshanda anodzivisa kuzara kwepurogiramu muChina.

Semuenzaniso, vashandi veIPO yanga iri nyaya yakakomba uye gaka rakakosha. Chirongwa ichi chakaomerwa nekutora Sainzi Officer (chinzvimbo changa chisisipo kwemwedzi gumi nemisere panguva yekunyora) neCommunication Officer - chinzvimbo chakaonekwa kuti chakakosha mukubudirira kwechirongwa ichi asi chakaramba chisina kuzadzwa kubva pakutanga kwechirongwa ichi. programme. Makwikwi akati wandei ebvunzurudzo akaitwa chete kune vakasarudzwa kuti varambe kupihwa vachiratidza zvirinani zvirinani kune imwe nzvimbo.

Basa reSainzi Officer, sekushambadzwa, rinoti PhD inodiwa uye kuti 50% yenguva ichave yakatsaurirwa kutsvaga. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinogona kuita kuti vakwikwidzi vadzike: iyo posvo haipe mukana wakakwana wevakwikwidzi vePhD kuti vafambise tsvakiridzo yavo. Kutariswa kunofanirwa kupihwa kune vashandi venhanho yevatenzi (vane makore akati wandei echiitiko) uye nekuenderera mberi nekugadzirisa tsananguro yechinzvimbo.

Boka rekuongorora rinoona matambudziko eMutungamiriri Mukuru uyo ​​asiri chizvarwa chemutauri anoshanda asina vashandi vepakati. Bato rinokurudzira kuti Co-director modhi iongororwe, ichitariswa kugadzirwa kwechirongwa chetsvakiridzo chepamba chakabatana neIPO (chichipa nzvimbo yekuonana uye kutariswa kwevanotsvagisa munharaunda). Basa reCo-director rinogonawo kubatsira kuwedzera basa razvino Executive Director, kuita hanya kudzivirira kudzokororwa kwemabasa.

Mukuita kurudziro iyi, boka rekuongorora rinoziva dambudziko rekuona kuti IPO ine mukana wakakwana wekuwana mari uye zviwanikwa zvevanhu munzvimbo inokurumidza kuchinja mari yekudyidzana kwenyika dzesainzi. Kugadzira chirongwa chinoshanda chekutsvagisa mudzimba mukati meIUE kunopa mikana, mumusimboti, yekuvaka ruzhinji rwakakomba, kusangana nezvido zvenzvimbo, uye kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvepasi rose zvechirongwa cheUHWB. Iyo IUE, semuenzaniso, yakaiswa zvakanyanya kukwezva vaongorori vepasi rese kuti vabatane neUHWB Chirongwa uye kutsvaga mari yemapurojekiti ekutsvagisa. Muenzaniso wakadaro unokundawo kuparadzaniswa kwechirongwa kubva kune mamiriro enzvimbo uye inosimudzira kudyidzana kwakawanda nevamwe vaongorori uye vaunoshanda navo kuIUE.

Mune zvese, mashandisirwo ekuita kuti chirongwa chibudirire chinoda kuve chakavakirwa pamhando nyowani yekuwana vadzidzi vazhinji nevatsvaguri kupinda muchikoro. Izvi zvaizoisa chirongwa mukati meIUE uye kuita kuti chibatsirwe kubva mukutsvagisa kwakaitwa ikoko. Iyi modhi yaizoendawo kure mukuona kuenderera kwechirongwa kupfuura hupenyu hwazvino.

Chirongwa cheUHWB chakarima uye chakabatana netiweki yakakura yevabatanidzi nevadyidzani - kuburikidza nezviitiko zvakasiyana, misangano, uye makonferensi akaitwa kana kupindwa. Zvisineyi, kudyidzana kwenguva refu hakusati kwagadzirwa.

Chirongwa ichi chatanga kukudziridza hukama hwekushanda nemamwe akasiyana ezvimwe zvirongwa zveICSU nemitumbi. Semuyenzaniso, Executive Director anoita basa mumatatu eRamangwana Epasi Ruzivo Rwekuita Networks (Health, Urban, and Risk). All Future Earth Knowledge Action Networks ari mumatanho akasiyana-siyana ebudiriro, ayo chirongwa chakakwanisa kupesvedzera. Chirongwa ichi chakatangawo nguva pfupi yadarika kuita uye kushanda nemahofisi edunhu eICSU, kugadzira hurongwa hwemaonero akasiyana ematunhu emhando yehutano hwemumaguta inozotarisana negwara. Zvakare, pane kushomeka kwekudyidzana kuri pamutemo mumafambiro anoita chirongwa ichi, zvichireva kuti zvinobuda nezviitwa hazvisati zvave kuitika.

Vatsigiri vechirongwa ichi parizvino (UNU-IIGH, ICSU, uye IAP) vese vanoita zvakanaka nechirongwa ichi, uye vanopa rutsigiro rwakawanda. ICSU inoshanda kuisa chirongwa ichi munzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro dzeUnited Nations (zvakadai semusangano weHabitat III muQuito), uye UNU-IIGH paWorld Urban Forum muKuala Lumpur. Nekudaro, rutsigiro kubva kune-vanotsigira haina kuwanda pamatanho epamusoro esangano, uye zvakaoma kuwana pfungwa yekukosha kwehurongwa hwechirongwa chemasangano anotsigira.

Munguva ichangopfuura, IAP yakatanga kushandisa chirongwa ichi senzira yekuratidza nhengo yaro (iyo inonyanya kukosha yezvokurapa / sainzi) yekukosha kunosvika kure kwekubatana pakati pehutano nenharaunda yemudhorobha. Nekuda kweizvozvo, IPO Executive Director vakakokwa kuzopa chirongwa kuIAP General Assembly. Izvi zvakakonzera kuti IAP iise kukosha kwakanyanya uye kusimbisa kune zvimwe zviitiko zvinobatanidza hutano kune inoenderera mberi budiriro (senge yayo One Health zviitiko).

Iyo UNU-IIGH ichangobva kutarisana nehurongwa hwekuongororwa; saka, kuti chirongwa chinopindirana sei neUNU-IIGH's new strategic direction ichiri kuzoonekwa. Chirongwa ichi chiri padhuze nehutungamiriri hutsva panguva yekunyora.

Zvakare panguva yekunyora, ICSU iri kusangana neInternational Social Science Council (ISSC), uye ramangwana remabasa ayo esainzi harisati ratsanangurwa. Nekudaro, kuunza ISSC uye kuve nesocial science mubhodhi inoenderana nezvinangwa zvechirongwa cheUHWB, saka zvingangoita kuti kubatanidzwa kuchasimbisa hwaro hwayo hwesainzi. Chirongwa ichi hachisati chatsanangura hukama hwekushanda nemasangano akakosha epasirese munzvimbo ino - seWorld Health Organisation neWellcome Trust - asi nhaurirano dzehungwaru dzemangwana dzichatarisa zvakanyanya kuti vatambi vakuru ava vari kushanda sei.

Sechikamu chechirongwa chehurongwa hwekuronga chinotsanangudza chinangwa nechiono chechirongwa uye chingawanikwe mukati mezviwanikwa zviripo, kuyedza kunofanirwa kuitwa kuona vadyidzani vane hunyanzvi avo chirongwa chinofanirwa kushanda navo. Izvi zvinofanirwa kusanganisira zvinangwa zvakajeka zvine chekuita nemhedzisiro inodiwa inotsvakwa kubva kumubatanidzwa. Zvinangwa zvakadaro zvaizobatsira mukuisa pamberi uye nekupa sefa yekuongorora iyo inotevera mikana. Vanogona kudyidzana navo vanogona kusanganisira avo vari mugwaro (vepasi rese nevepamba muChina) pamwe nezvikamu zvedzidzo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti kudyidzana kunosanganisira iwo mahofisi ematunhu eICSU ane hutano hwemumaguta sechinhu chakakosha. Izvi zvaizogonesa chirongwa ichi kushanda munzvimbo dzinokosha dzepasirese, zvichipa kuwirirana uye kuwedzera kwemaitiro echirongwa. Nzvimbo yekutanga ichange ichishanda nemahofisi ematunhu ari munzvimbo dziri kukurumidza kukura sezvataurwa pamusoro apa.

Parizvino, kunyangwe network yakakura yevatambi kwayakaita, chirongwa cheUHWB chakanetsekana kuratidza pesvedzero mune zvachinoita. Kufambiswa kwemashoko kwaratidza kuti kune dambudziko, zvikuru nekuda kwekuti basa remabharani harina kuzadzikiswa kubva pakatanga chirongwa ichi. Parizvino, mudzidzi anobatsira Executive Director nekuvandudza mapeji ewebhu echirongwa. Nekudaro, iyi izano renguva pfupi, uye kuhaya Mutariri Wezvekufambiswa Kwemashoko kunobvumira chirongwa ichi kuti chishande mune yakanyatso hurongwa.

Chirongwa ichi chakaparadzaniswa nemamiriro ekunze saka kuoneka muChina kunoda kuvandudzwa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti Executive Director uye maofficial vadyidzane nevakuru vehurumende vepamba uye veChinese vehurumende uye masayendisiti. Izvo zvinodiwawo kushandura zvinyorwa zvakakosha zvechirongwa (muChinese neChirungu) senzira yekuwedzera mashandiro uye kuita kuti kutaurirana kusvike nyore.

Kuedza uku, pamwe chete negwara rakajeka rehurongwa, zvinobvumidza chirongwa ichi kuti chinyatso kunangwa munzira yachinoshanda uye mukushandisa kwayo zviwanikwa.

Basa reDare Resainzi
Sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, boka rekuongorora rinokurudzira zvakasimba Komiti yeSainzi ku:

Ongorora ayo ega mazwi ekunongedza uye zviitiko zvinoenderana neIPO.
Tarisa kudzokororwa kwechirongwa chesainzi.
Gadzira uye tarisa kushandiswa kwechirongwa chehurongwa chinoisa pamberi pezviitwa uye chinosanganisira zvakakosha mashandiro anoita.
Mukuita izvi, kukosha kushoma kunowedzerwa mukutarisisa nyika/matunhu uko tsvakiridzo yakabatanidzwa yatosimba. Asi, mikaha mikuru mukutsvagisa uye kugona iri munzvimbo dzinokurumidza kuita maguta eAsia, Africa neSouth America. Tichifunga kuti mahofisi ematunhu aratidza kufarira kukuru mukubatana neUHWB, IPO neSainzi Committee inofanirwa kuvakira pane izvi uye kuedza kusimbisa kudyidzana uku.

Strategic kuronga
Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, boka rekuongorora rinokurudzira zvakasimba Komiti yeSainzi kuti ishande neMutungamiriri Mukuru kuti adzokorore hurongwa hwesainzi kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvinangwa nezvinangwa zvine hurongwa, hunoenderana, hunogoneka uye hunowanikwa munguva yasara muhupenyu hwechirongwa cheUHWB.

Mukuita izvi, boka rekuongorora rinokurudzira kuti IPO itange hurongwa hunosanganisira logic modhi uye/kana metrics yekuyera (semuenzaniso makiyi ekuita zviratidzo) ayo anogona kushanda sechidzoreso chekushanda kwezuva nezuva pamwe ne chimiro chekuongorora.

Zvinokurudzirwa kuInternational Science Council
Bato rekuongorora rinokurudzira kuti ISC itsigire modhi yehutongi inobvumira kugadzwa kweCo-director. Uyu Co-director aizopihwa basa rekuvandudza chirongwa chemumba chekutsvagisa hutano hwemumaguta uye kugara zvakanaka (kusanganisira kusimudzira zvirongwa zvepashure uye zvedoctoral) uye kufambisa hukama hwakasimba pakati peIPO, IUE, nevamwe vanoita zvepamba.

Dare rekuongorora rinokurudzirawo ISC pamwe neScientific Committee kutsigira IPO mukupinza basa kwevashandi vanodiwa.

Tichifunga nezvekukosha kwepasirese kwekugariswa kwemaguta uye hutano hwemaguta, boka rekuongorora rinokurudzira kutsigirwa kwenguva refu kwechirongwa padanho repasi rose uye kuenderera mberi nekubatanidza chirongwa uye pfungwa dzayo kunhandare yemitemo yenyika.

• List of acronyms:
• CAS Chinese Academy yeSainzi
• IAP InterAcademy Partnership
• ICSU International Council yeSainzi
• IPO International Chirongwa Hofisi
• ISC International Science Council
• ISSC International Social Science Council
• ISUH International Society yeUrban Health
• IUE Institute yeUrban Environment
• UHWB Utano hwemaguta uye kugara zvakanaka
• UNU-IIGH United Nations University International Institute of Global Health
• Ongorora nhengo dzepaneru:
• Susan Elliott, Yunivhesiti yeWaterloo
• Stewart Lockie, Komiti yeSainzi Kuronga uye Ongororo, ICSU
• Billie Giles-Corti, RMIT University
• Carmencita Padilla, University of Philippines
• Chen Weiqiang, Chinese Academy yeSainzi

• Rondedzero yevakabvunzurudzwa:
• Jose Siri, Senior Research Fellow, UNU-IIGH
• Peter McGrath, Murongi, IAP
• Montira Pongsiri, Senior Research Associate, Cornell University
• Eulalie Ruan, Administrator Assistant, IPO
• Sharizad Dahlan, Sainzi Officer, ICSU Dunhu Hofisi yeAsia-Pacific
• Manuel Limonta, Mutungamiriri, ICSU Dunhu Hofisi yeLatin America
• Yong-Guan Zhu, Mutungamiriri, IUE, CAS
• Jieling Liu, intern uye PhD mumiriri, Lisbon University
• Victor Abass, PhD mumiriri uye kugadzirisa peji rewebhu, IUE
• Franz Gatzweiler, Mutungamiriri, chirongwa cheUHWB
• Philippa Howden-Chapman, Sachigaro weKomiti yeSainzi, chirongwa cheUHWB
• Fumiko Katsuga, Global Hub Director, Future Earth Japan
• Susan Parnell, Purofesa, African Cities Institute
• Carlos Dora, World Health Organisation
• Heide Hackmann, CEO, ISC (kubva munaChikunguru 2018); Executive Director, ICSU (kusvika Chikunguru 2018)
• Jo Ivey Boufford, Mutungamiri, New York Academy yeMishonga
• Qunli Han, Executive Director, Integrated Research on Disaster Risk program
• Pascale Allotey, Mutungamiriri, UNU-IIGH

References
ICSU. 2011. Utano uye Hupenyu muKuchinja Kwemadhorobha Enzvimbo: Nzira Yekuongorora Maitiro. Iyo Interdisciplinary Sayenzi Chirongwa: Chirevo cheICSU Kuronga Boka. Paris, ICSU.