Pane zvakabuda muchikamu chechishanu cheIntergovernmental Negotiating Committee pachibvumirano chepasi rose chepurasitiki

Sangano reInternational Science Council (ISC) isangano repasi rose risingabatsiri rinounza pamwe mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu epasi rose masangano esainzi uye masangano pamwe nemasangano esainzi emunyika needunhu, zvikoro uye makanzuru ekutsvagisa, masangano epasi rose nesosaiti, uye zvikoro zvidiki nemasangano. ISC yanga iripo pamusangano wega wega weINC, kupa zvakabatanidzwa zvesainzi uye mazano enyanzvi kunhume, kunyangwe kushomeka kwepuratifomu mukati meiyo INC maitiro. 

Nemharidzo iyi isu, Mutungamiriri uye CEO weISC uye nhengo dzegumi neshanu dzepasi rose ISC Nyanzvi Boka paPlastiki Kusvibiswa¹, ratidza kuzvidemba kukuru pane zvakabuda muchikamu chechishanu cheIntergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC-5.2), iyo yakatadza kuunza chibvumirano chepasi rose chekupedza kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kunosangana nemvumo yeResolution 5/14 yeUnited Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA)². Panguva imwecheteyo, tinokurudzirwa neUnited Member States 'kukura kucherechedzwa kwehumbowo hwakakura uye hwakajeka hwehumbowo hwesainzi, hunoratidza kuti chiito chekukurumidzira, chakarongeka, uye chekuda chinodiwa kugadzirisa dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki riri kuwedzera. Isu takagadzirira kutsigira chibvumirano cheramangwana chinogadza matanho anokosha anodiwa kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu uye kwezvakatipoteredza uye kutsigira hutano, hupfumi uye hutano hwemagariro ezvizvarwa zvinotevera. 

Munguva yese yenhaurirano, uye maererano nemvumo yakagadzwa neUNEA Resolution 5/14, nharaunda yesainzi yakanyatso kuenderana mukurudziro dzayo: 

• Hutano uye kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakabatana nekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kunoitika pamatanho ese ehupenyu hwemapurasitiki, uye systemic kupindira mukati mehupenyu zvinodiwa kuti zvigadziriswe. 

• Sayenzi-yakavakirwa maitiro³ yekubvisa zvinonetsa zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki uye makemikari ane chekuita nekunetsekana⁴ ichave yakakosha pakugadzirisa hutano uye kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, sezvichaita zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zvinodiwa zvinotarisa kuchengetedzwa, kutenderera uye kusimba.

• Kugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwemapurasitiki ekumusoro kwakakosha kuchengetedza hutano uye nharaunda - izvi zvinoda matanho akasimba ayo kuderedza kugadzirwa kwepurasitiki yekutanga uye inonetsa. 

• Kugonesa (1) zviri nani, zviri pachena, uye zvinoteedzeka data pamwe ne (2) kushuma kwakasimba uye kutarisa, mukati mehupenyu huzere. zvichave zvakakosha kutsigira kushanda kwenguva refu kwechibvumirano.  

• Kugadzira nzira dzakaita sekushandisa dzakagadzirwa zvakanaka science policy interface, nepo kudzikisira kupesana kwechido kuchave kwakakosha pakuona kuongororwa kwakasimba kwekufambira mberi nekufamba kwenguva, uye kuzivisa sarudzo dzedare rinotonga ramangwana. 

Kunyange zvazvo nhaurirano dzezvematongerwo enyika pamusangano wechishanu weIntergovernmental Negotiating Committee dzisina kupa chibvumirano, zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti sayenzi yepasi inoramba isingashanduki uye inoramba ichiratidza kukanganiswa kwepurasitiki isina kurongeka pahutano, zvakatipoteredza, uye nzanga. Humbowo pachiyero, nzira, uye kukanganisa kwekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kuri kuramba kuchikura, uye inoramba ichinongedza kudiwa kwemhinduro dzechimbichimbi uye dzakarongeka padanho repasi rose, redunhu, nenyika. Sainzi haizomira zvakamira sezvo nhaurirano dzichiderera; asi, icharamba ichisimbisa kunzwisisa kwedu kwese kwemhedzisiro yekusaita uye kuratidza mikana yemhinduro. 

Kubata kunovaka neNyika zhinji dzeNhengo panguva yenhaurirano, kusanganisira kucherechedzwa kwebasa rakakosha resainzi inowanika mukugadzira mhinduro dzemitemo inoshanda, inobvumwa uye inotambirwa. Kucherechedzwa kwakadaro kwakakosha pakuona kuti kufambira mberi kweramangwana kwakavakirwa muumbowo, kuzvidavirira, uye kuzvipira kwakagovaniswa mukugarisa. 

Vanosaina vanosimbisazve kuzvipira kwavo kutsigira chirongwa ichi uye vakagadzirira kupa hunyanzvi hwesainzi uye rubatsiro panguva yepakati. Kuenderera mberi nekubatana nenhumwa, vanobatana, uye nharaunda yesainzi yakakura ichabatsira kuona kuti vanoita sarudzo vakashongedzerwa nehumbowo hwesainzi hwepamusoro. Chinangwa chinoramba chakajeka: kuwana chibvumirano chepasirese, chinoshanda, uye chesainzi chinogadzirisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki uye kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu nepasi. 

Hurumende dzinokurudzirwa kuti dzirambe dzakasimba, dzivakire pakuzivikanwa kwesayenzi kwakatoitwa, uye kudzokera kunhaurirano nechisungo chakamutsidzirwa. Sayenzi yakajeka, chinodikanwa chiri chekukurumidzira, uye mukana wekuita haufanirwe kupotsa zvakare.  

Sehutungamiriri hweISC uye nyanzvi, tinoramba takazvipira kuona kuti sainzi inotungamira nyika kune mhinduro inoshanda uye isingaperi yekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki. 

1. Iyo ISC Nyanzvi Boka paPlastiki Kusvibiswa: Sachigaro Margaret Spring (USA),   Stefano Aliani  (Itari), Patrick Schröder (UK) Alex Godoy-Faúndez (Chire), Noreen O'Meara (Ayarendi), Ilaria Corsi  (Itari), Kishore Boodhoo  (Morishiyasi), Judith Gobin (Trinidhadhi neTobhago), Anne Kahru (Esitoniya), Christine Luscombe (Japani), Sarva Mangala Praveena (Marazhiya),  Adetoun Mustapha Olaitan (Naijeriya),  Peng Wang  (China), Ramia Al Bakain (Jodhani),  Fani Sakellariadou (Girisi).  
2. UNEA Resolution 5/14 yakakumbira Mutungamiriri Mukuru weUN Environment Programme (UNEP) kuti adaidze Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) kuti igadzire "chombo," maererano nenzira yakazara inogadzirisa hupenyu huzere hwemapurasitiki, kusanganisira kugadzira, kugadzira, uye kuraswa. 
3. Mitemo inotsanangurwa zvakadzama pa: https://council.science/publications/key-requirements-instrument-plastic-pollution/.
4. Zvinotsanangurwa pano sezvigadzirwa nemakemikari zvinokuvadza kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Mamwe mashoko anowanikwa pa: https://council.science/publications/key-requirements-instrument-plastic-pollution/.

Mufananidzo na Lucien Wanda on Pexels.

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