Kana nyanzvi yezvefizikisi yeColombia Carlos Alberto Vargas Jiménez Paanotaura nezvesainzi muLatin America, haawanzo gara padanho remitemo isingafungidzike. Pane kudaro, anotaura nezve network dzekudengenyeka kwenyika, mabasa edunhu, uye kudiwa kwekuti kondinendi irege kuva "mutengi weruzivo chete" uye ive mugadziri wemhinduro dzakavakirwa pachokwadi chayo. Achishandisa basa rinobatanidza tsvakurudzo yepamusoro mu seismology uye geodynamics nebasa reveruzhinji mumasangano esainzi nesimba eColombia, Dr. Vargas Jiménez anotora chinzvimbo semutungamiriri weISC Regional Focal Point yeLatin America neCaribbean (ISC RFP-LAC) uye, panguva imwe chete, anotora hutungamiriri hweColombian Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences.
Mubvunzurudzo iyi neISC, anofunga nezvezvinorehwa nekuzvitonga kwesainzi munharaunda iyi, nei kushandira pamwe kwakanangana nebasa kunze kwemiganhu kwakakosha, uye kuti masayendisiti ekuLatin America anogona sei kutaura kuti ane simba uye akabatana muhurukuro dzepasi rose.
Sezvaunotora basa rako rekuva mutungamiri weColombian Academy of Sciences uye mutungamiriri wehofisi yedunhu, ndeapi maitiro nezvinangwa zvakakosha zvaunotarisira kusimudzira - uye uchazvishandisa sei munyika dzakasiyana-siyana?
Ndinotora mabasa maviri aya nepfungwa yakasimba yekutarisira Colombia nekuLatin America neCaribbean. Dunhu redu harigone kungoramba riri revatengi veruzivo chete: rinofanira kuva mugadziri wezvigadziriso zvine hungwaru. Tatova nehunyanzvi hwesainzi hunokosha, asi hwakakamurwa, husina mari yakakwana, uye huri kure zvakanyanya nekuita sarudzo dzeveruzhinji. Zvandinokoshesa ndezvekusimbisa hutongi hwesainzi kuitira kuti tikwanise kuferefeta matambudziko edu, kuwedzera kubatana kwedunhu kupfuura kushanda pamwe chete, uye kutungamidza sainzi kune zvakanakira veruzhinji nekubatanidza kutsvagisa zvakananga kune mitemo nezvinodiwa nevanhu. Izvi zvinorevawo kuvaka nzira dzakasimba kuitira kuti humbowo hunobva kunyika yega yega hugadzire mitemo yayo uye hugone kugovaniswa munharaunda yese, uye kubva pakubatana kweshamwari dzisina kurongeka kuenda kumapuratifomu akareruka uye mabasa esainzi edunhu. ISC inopa kubatana kwepasi rose uye nzvimbo yehurongwa. Kusanganiswa ikoko kunotibvumira kuvaka nzvimbo dzakabatana dzedunhu pamisoro yakakosha iri chikamu chechirongwa chakagovaniswa - mamiriro ekunze, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, hutano, kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu, dingindira riri kubuda.
Munoronga sei kuronga kushanda pamwe chete neColombian Academy of Sciences kuti mupe masayendisiti ekuLatin America izwi rakasimba - uye ndeapi nzvimbo dzakakosha idzo ISC inofanira kukoshesa pasi pehutungamiriri hwenyu kuti iwedzere kubatanidzwa, kubatanidzwa, uye kudyidzana munharaunda iyi?
Kuti tiwedzere inzwi remasayendisiti ekuLatin America, ndinotenda kuti tinofanira kubva pakuedza kwakasiyana uye zvirongwa zvedu pachedu kuenda kukushandira pamwe kwakarongeka uye kwakatarisana nebasa munzvimbo yese. Muzvikoro zvedu, tine mukana wekutaurirana uye kurota, uye kunyangwe zvirambidzo zvemari zvichiwanzotimanikidza "kuzadzisa" zviroto izvozvo, zvimwe zvinokwanisika kuwanikwa nezviwanikwa zvishoma - semuenzaniso, kugadzira mabasa esainzi emunharaunda akapoteredza zvirongwa zvakafanana zvinofarirwa, zvakaita sekutonga kweAmazon, kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dzemahombekombe nemakomo, uye mushonga wepasi rose.
Ko kana Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, neVenezuela zvikabatana pachinangwa chaicho? Tine zvirongwa zvedu, zvatinoita, asi tinogona kupawo pfungwa dzedu kunyaya yepasi rose. Kuti izvozvo zvibudirire, tinofanira kutsigira chiito chinoenderera mberi nekufamba kwenguva, kuitira kuti humbowo hunowanikwa munyika imwe neimwe hunyatsopesvedzera maitiro enyika uye hugone kugoverwa uye kuenzaniswa mhiri kwemiganhu.
Pasi pehutungamiriri hwangu paISC RFP-LAC, chinangwa chikuru chichava kukurudzira nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzidzisa uye kudzivirira zvinhu zvehunhu hwedu hwedunhu, zvakaita serusununguko rwesainzi uye kuzvitonga kwemasangano, izvo dzimwe nguva zvinodziviswa nekumanikidzwa kwezvematongerwo enyika. Panguva imwe chete, tinofanira kusimbisa kuti sainzi yeLatin America haisi kungopa data chete asi inogadzira maonero nemhinduro. Matambudziko mazhinji epasi rose ari kutoitika pano, izvo zvinotipa mutoro wetsika uye mukana wekutungamira: nekusimbisa mabasa esainzi edunhu, network dzakagadzikana, uye tsvakiridzo ine chekuita nemutemo inobuda muchokwadi chedu, tinogona kuwedzera kubatanidzwa, kuvaka hukama hwakasimba, uye kuona kuti masayendisiti eLatin America anobatanidzwa muhurukuro dzepasi rose nezwi rakajeka uye revanhu vose.
MuLatin America, tine matambudziko akawanda nematambudziko ari kuwedzera pasi rose uye asiri emudunhu chete. Munofunga sei kutungamira ISC RFP-LAC kutsigira masayendisiti nesainzi munharaunda iyi kuitira kuti vagone kubatsira nenzira yakasimba uye inoshanda kumakakatanwa nehurukuro dzesainzi dzepasi rose?
Handina fomura chaiyo, asi tinogona kupa imwe. Yaizotsamira pazvikamu zvitatu:
Izvi zvinogona kushandura kushandira pamwe muLatin America uko kunopfuura kupfuura kupa zviziviso zvehunhu nehurumende asi panzvimbo pezvo kunosimbiswa zvichienderana nezvinhu zvitatu zvandangotaura. Izvi zvinogona, semuenzaniso, kushanda kuburikidza nemasangano esainzi emunharaunda anoshanda nenzira inoenderera mberi.
Chimwe chiratidzo chakanaka chekufambira mberi mukuita uku chingave kuva nehurumende dzinoongorora sainzi yedunhu nenzira yakarongwa. Uye thermometer yakanaka kwazvo inogona kunge iri yekuti vaongorori vechidiki vanowana mikana chaiyo munharaunda yedu here uye vasingangobva vachitsvaga mikana kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Hapana muBrazil ari nani kupfuura uyo anogara muBrazil, hapana muColombia ari nani kupfuura uyo anogara muColombia. Tinoda vanhu vazhinji kuti vabude vazive nyika, asi tinodawo vazhinji kuti vagare uye vavake pfuma nemikana. Chinhu chikuru ndechekugara kwenguva refu.
Sainzi chinhu chakakosha munguva dzino dzekupatsanurana uye kusaziva. Chii chinonyanya kukosha icho ISC RFP-LAC inogona kuita kuti ivandudze kana kuwedzera kuvimba nesainzi neveruzhinji?
Tinofanira kuvaka patsva pfungwa yekuti sainzi inounza kukosha. Sainzi inofanira kuitwa nenharaunda, kwete kungotarisa ivo chete.
Uyewo, tinofanira kutarisa nyaya dzerusununguko rwesainzi. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kukosha kukuru kune zvinofungidzirwa zvesainzi, semuenzaniso, izvo zvinobva kuIPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] uye kuma academies edu, sezvo kushandisa hutongi kunogona kutibvumira kubatanidza dunhu redu. Vagari vanowanzovimba nesainzi pavanoiona ichigadzira ruzivo rwenharaunda dzavo. [Kupatsanurana uye kusaziva] matambudziko epasi rose, uye anotiyeuchidza kuti tiri kugara muimba imwe chete - kuziva izvi kunotikurudzira kupa mhinduro dzakabatana nezwi redu.
Uye pakupedzisira, zvakanakira vose chinhu chakanaka pasi rose; hachisi chinhu chakanaka kune nharaunda imwe chete. Kana pfungwa yezvakanakira vose yakavakwa, inovakirwa munhu wese. Saka ndizvo zvatinofanira kuisa pakutanga.
Chii chinoratidza kubudirira kwacho chingakuratidza kuti kwave nekushandira pamwe kwakabudirira pakati penyika dzeLatin America munyaya dzesainzi?
Chiratidzo chekubudirira chingave kugona kuzviona isu pachedu tiine izwi redu munyika, kutungamira tsvakurudzo pamusoro pemaitiro akaomarara sedambudziko remamiriro ekunze kana kurasikirwa nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvisikwa, uye kupa mhinduro kubva mumarabhoritari edu. Kubva pano, tinogona kufunga nezvehurongwa hwekutonga uye kupa mhinduro dzepasi rose.
Chiratidzo chakanaka chingave chekuti nyika yose ititeerere panyaya dzemaumbirwo. Mukutaura kwakajeka, izvi zvinoreva kuva pamberi pemaitirwo emakambani akawanda, kutora zvigaro mumasangano epasi rose, kukurudzira marongero kuti atungamirwe nekutsvaga, uye kuisa pfungwa pasainzi kuti tigadzirise mamiriro edu ezvinhu. Izvi zvinoreva kuva nehutungamiriri pasi rose. Ndiyo nzira yakanaka: kuva nevatungamiriri munzvimbo idzi zvinoreva kuti nyika iri kutiteerera uye, nekudaro, tiri kubudirira.
Uye pakupedzisira, une meseji here kune nhengo dzeISC dziripo uye dziri kutarisirwa, vadyidzani pamwe nevanoshanda navo munharaunda iyi?
Ndinovakoka nemufaro kuti vavake nzvimbo ine kushandira pamwe kwakawanda, kuti vafunge pamwe chete nezvekugadzirisa matambudziko ekudyara mari kwenguva refu, nezvekubatana kunoita kuti pave nekuvimbana mubasa resainzi, uye kunobvumira kuchinjana. Ndinovakoka kuti vaone kuti kana tikakwanisa kushanda pamatambudziko emunharaunda uye gare gare togadzira nzira dzekuyera kukanganisa kwebasa iroro, tiri kuratidza kuti pane nzira yekuenda mune ramangwana. Ndiro shoko rangu kune wese munhu.
Mufananidzo ne Universidad Nacional de Zimbabwe
Verenga zvakawanda nezve mikana yekutsigira kufamba muMusangano weVari Nhengo wepakati pegore 
Verenga zvakawanda nezve Kuita tsvakurudzo yetsika munzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika ine hunhu hwakaganhurirwa Verenga zvakawanda nezveSainzi yemazuva ano: zvinhu zvinotungamira shanduko muhurongwa hwenyika, tekinoroji uye magariro evanhu 
