Nourhan Hassan iAssociate Purofesa muMolecular and Cancer Biology paFaculty of Science, Cairo University. Ane Ph.D. muMolecular and Cancer Biology kubva kuWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (2023), uko tsvakiridzo yake yakatarisana ne syndecan-1 mu radioresistance mumasero ekenza yemazamu ane triple-negative. Mushure mezvidzidzo zvake zveudhokotera, Nourhan akapedza tsvakiridzo ye postdoctoral paUniversity Hospital Cologne, kwaakaongorora 3D organoid models uye biodegradable metallic implants kuti pavezve tishu.
Sezvo International Science Council (ISC) iri kutanga chirongwa chekuongorora purojekiti yakakosha Kuti ndinzwisise nekugadzirisa zvirambidzo zvemavhiza zvinokanganisa kufamba kwesainzi, ndinoda kuongorora kuti zvirambidzo zvemavhiza hazvingodziviriri kufamba kwevaongorori chete asi zvinokanganisawo kugona kwesainzi kugadzirisa matambudziko epasi rose.
Matambudziko ari kusangana nevanhu, anosanganisira denda, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu uye kutonga kweAI, zvinoda kushandira pamwe kwesainzi pasi rose. Asi zvirambidzo zvemavisa zvinopikisa zvakanyanya kudiwa uku, zvichigadzira nyika iyo mikana yesainzi isingatariswe nehunyanzvi kana kugona, asi nepasipoti.
Zvirambidzo zveVisa zvinokanganisa kufamba kwesainzi hazvisi dambudziko guru. Zvinomirira chipingamupinyi chinokanganisa vaongorori munyika dzakasiyana-siyana. nhamba: Vaongorori vanobva kunyika dzemuAfrica vanotarisana nehuwandu hwekurambwa kwemavhiza hwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura avhareji yepasi rose, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzichiwana huwandu hwekurambwa kwemavhiza enguva pfupi. Pamusoro pezvo, ongororo yakarongeka yemisangano yehutano yepasi rose vakaona kuti 34 muzana yevaongorori vemuAfrica ne40 muzana yevaongorori vekuAsia vakasangana nezvipingamupinyi zvine chekuita nemavhiza, zvichienzaniswa ne9 muzana chete yevaongorori vekuMadokero, musiyano mukuru unoratidza kuti kurambidzwa kwemavhiza kunokanganisa sei vaongorori vanobva kuGlobal South. Kune vaongorori vekutanga basa (ECRs), vasina masangano akasimbiswa, zvipingamupinyi izvi zvinonyanya kukuvadza.
Mublog rino, chinangwa changu ndechekuratidza chokwadi chisingagamuchirwi uye chisingafungidzike kune vazhinji vevadzidzi vekuMadokero vakajaira kufamba-famba zvakanaka vachiyambuka miganhu.
Migumisiro yemiganho iyi ndeye inogona kuenzaniswa uye zvinonetsa. Vaongorori vanoti vakashaikwa misangano yakakosha kwavangadai vakaratidza zvakawanikwa, vakabatanidzana, vakasimbisa kushandira pamwe uye vakafambira mberi mubasa ravo. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti mitemo yekupinda kwevanhu munyika zvakananga kuderedza kuyerera kweruzivo rwepasi rose uye mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa pamwe chete. Zvinzvimbo zvePostdoctoral zvinononoka kana kuti zvinoregererwa zvachose. Mapoka ekutsvagisa epasi rose haagone kuungana nekuti nhengo dzakakosha hadzigone kuwana mvumo yekufamba nenguva. Ndakazvionera izvi pachangu pandakatadza kupinda musangano weboka revanhu muIreland wepurojekiti yandaishanda pairi senhengo yechikwata, kunyangwe ndaigara kuGermany panguva iyoyo, nekuti pasipoti yangu yekuEgypt yaida vhiza yakatora nguva yakareba kupfuura yaitarisirwa kugadziriswa. Panguva iyi, nzanga yesainzi inorasikirwa nepfungwa dzakasiyana netarenda zvinogona kukurumidzisa mhinduro kumatambudziko epasi rose, kubva pakuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kusvika pakugadzirira denda.
Chinoita kuti dambudziko iri rive rekusaziva ndechekuti harisi rekuti rinongoshanda chinyararire chete, asi kuti rinoitawo kuti pave nekunyaradzwa. Kusiyana nekushaikwa kwemari kana kuvharwa kwema laboratori, zvipingamupinyi zvemavhiza hazvionekwe nevaya vasina kusangana nazvo. Asi mhedzisiro yazvo inotarisirwawo: muongorori anobva kuNigeria angasambonyorera musangano kuEurope nekuti anotarisira kurambwa. Munhu ane hunyanzvi hwekutsvaga vhiza anogona kudzivisa kunyorera mikana kunze kwenyika yake pane kuisa panjodzi yekunyimwa vhiza. Sarudzo idzi mhinduro dzine musoro kune zvipingamupinyi zvehurongwa, asi dzinomiririra mikana yakarasika yesainzi pachayo, dzichinyararidza manzwi anobva kunzvimbo dzisina kumiririrwa zvakakwana muhurukuro dzesainzi dzepasi rose.
Kurambidzwa kwemavisa ingori chikamu chenyaya yacho. Kunyangwe kana mavhiza aripo, vaongorori vanosangana nematambudziko akawanda anobatsira pakufamba.
Mutoro wemari ndeimwe yematambudziko akadaro. Mari yekunyorera mavhiza, mari yepamusoro yekugadzirisa uye mari yekufambisa inoungana nekukurumidza. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, vaongorori vanowanzo fanirwa kubhuka ndege dzisingadzoserwe mari uye pekugara sechikumbiro chekutanga chekunyorera vhiza, zvichivamanikidza kubhadhara mari yakawanda vasati vaziva kana vachizobvumidzwa kufamba. Kune maECR kana avo vanobva kunyika dzine mari shoma yekutsvagisa, mari idzi dzinogona kuva dzakanyanya kuoma. Vamwe vaongorori kushandisa mari yemwedzi yakawanda kungopinda musangano mumwe chete kana kushanyira sangano rinoshanda pamwe chete.
Kusava nechokwadi uye kushushikana kwepfungwa zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chisingawanzo tariswa. Kunetseka kwekunyorera vhiza, kusava nechokwadi chekubvumidzwa, njodzi yekurambwa uye kutya kuvharirwa kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa. Vaongorori vanotsanangura maitiro aya se zvinonetesa pfungwa uye zvinokanganisa hunyanzvi hwebasa.
Zvisinei, masangano matsva ari kuratidza kuti mhinduro dzine musoro dziripo.
Mamwe mayunivhesiti ane mahofisi akasimba ekutsigira mavhiza, vashandi vakazvipira vanotungamira vaongorori kuburikidza nekunyorera uye mari yekukurumidzira yekubhadhara mari dzine chekuita nevhiza. Mamwe mayunivhesiti vakasimbisa mahofisi ekutsigira vaongorori vepasi rose akazvipira vanobata mafomu ekukumbira mavhiza, vanopa gwara repamutemo uye vanofamba-famba zvirongwa zvebureaucraticVamwe vakagadzira zvakarongwa kare vhiza zvirongwa zvekutsigira, kugadzirisa maitiro acho kune vanotsvaga ruzivo nevadzidzi ve postdoctoral. Nhamba iri kuramba ichikwira. mari yekukurumidzira zvakanongedzerwa zvakananga mari dzine chekuita nemavhiza, zvichiziva kuti zvipingamupinyi zvemari hazvifanirwe kusarudza mikana yesainzi.
Vamwe vanokwanisa chete kupa rutsigiro rushomaZvirokwazvo, zvakakosha kubvuma kuti mahofisi ekutsigira mavhiza akazara anoda zviwanikwa zvakawanda uye kazhinji haasvikiki nemasangano asina mari yakakwana muGlobal South. Izvi zvinogadzira hurongwa hune matanho maviri apo kufamba kwevaongorori kunoenderana nezviwanikwa zvemasangano kwete nehunyanzvi hwesainzi.
Asi matanho anochengetedza mari aripo. Mayunivhesiti anogona kugadzira matemplate akajeka uye akajairika evaongorori vanofamba, kugadzira network dzekudzidzisana nevezera ravo uko vafambi vane ruzivo vanotungamira vashandi vechidiki uye kusarudza nzvimbo imwe chete yekutaurirana kune mibvunzo yekufamba kwenyika pasina kuda hofisi yakazara nevashandi.
Dzimwe nyika dzakatotanga matanho epasi rose, semuenzaniso kuburikidza nezvikamu zvemavhiza evaongorori vane mavhiza ekukurumidzira. 'Passport Talent' yeFrance yevaongorori uye vhiza yeGlobal Talent yeUK inopa nzira dzakareruka dzekufamba kwesainzi, zvichiratidza kuti nyika dzine simba mukutsvaga dzinoziva kukosha kwekukwezva tarenda repasi rose. Zvibvumirano zvekudyidzana pakati penyika zvakaratidzawo kushanda zvakanaka mukufambisa mafambiro evanhu. Semuenzaniso, kurudziro yeAfrican Union yepasipoti yepasi rose ine chinangwa chekubatsira kufamba kwevanhu muAfrica, kunyangwe kushandiswa kwayo kuchiri kusina kuenzana (Agenda 2063).
Mienzaniso iyi haisi chete zvinhu zvakanaka zviripo; asi maitiro akanakisa anofanirwa kuzivikanwa nekudzokororwa. Inomiririra nzira dzakajeka dzinowedzera mukana wekuwana, kuderedza zvipingamupinyi uye kuratidza kuti masangano nevanogadzira mitemo vanogona kuita chimwe chinhu. Saka, mubvunzo hausi wekuti mhinduro dziripo here, asi kuti tine chido chekubatana chekudzishandisa zvakanyanya here.
Zvakakosha kubvuma kuti hurumende dzine hanya nekuchengetedzwa kwenyika uye dzine basa rekuongorora vanhu vanoyambuka miganhu yavo. zvakanyorwa Nyaya dzevasori dzinosanganisira vaongorori nenyika dzinofanira kuenzana nekuchengetedzeka. Zvisinei, kunyange hazvo vaongorori vasiri ivo vanonangwa zvakanyanya nemutemo uyu unodzvinyirira, vanowanzo batwa muhondo yekurwisa kutamira kune dzimwe nyika. Kana maitiro ekuongorora akanyanya kuoma zvekuti anotadzisa kutaurirana kwesainzi, veruzhinji pasi rose vanotambura.
Sainzi inobudirira nekugovana mazano pachena, kusiyana kwemaonero uye kufamba kusingadzoreki kwevane tarenda. Asi zvirambidzo zvemavisa zvinopesana zvikuru nepfungwa idzi. Zvinogadzira nyika umo mikana yesainzi inosarudzwa. kwete nekuda kwehunhu kana kugona, asi nepasipotiVanosimbisa kusawirirana kuripo uye vanoisa pfungwa pahunyanzvi hwesainzi munyika dzakapfuma dzine mavhiza anobvumidza.
Izvi zvinopfuura kungova nyaya yekuenzanisa, kunyange zvakadaro. Inyaya yesainzi. Kukurumidzira kugadzirisa zvirambidzo zvemavhiza hakuna kumbobvira kwakura. Matambudziko atinosangana nawo ari pasi rose, uye mhinduro dzawo dzinoda tarenda repasi rose. Kuvaka nekuchengetedza zvipingamupinyi zvekufamba kwevadzidzi hakungogumiri pakuganhurira vaongorori vega vega asiwo kunoganhurira huchenjeri hwese hwatinogona kushandisa kumatambudziko makuru evanhu.
Kugadzirisa zvirambidzo zvemavhiza kunoda kuti pave nematanho akasiyana-siyana. Mayunivhesiti nemasangano ekutsvagisa anofanirwa kukoshesa rutsigiro rwekufamba kwevaongorori vepasi rose. Izvi zvinoreva kuisa mari muzvivakwa zvekutsigira mavhiza, kugadzira nzira dzekubhadhara mari dzekukurumidza uye kutsigira vanogadzira mitemo yemitemo yemavhiza inofarirwa nevaongorori. Masangano anofanirwawo kugovera nzira dzakanakisisa, kugadzira network dzerutsigiro dzinobatsira nharaunda yese yesainzi.
Vagadziri vemitemo vanofanira kuziva kuti mitemo yemavhiza inokanganisa zvido zvenyika. Uchapupu zvinoratidza kuti kubvisa zvipingamupinyi zvemavhiza kunowedzera kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese uye kutapurirana ruzivo, zvichikanganisa zvakananga kugadzirwa kwetsvagurudzo. Kunyange hazvo kutsigira mavhiza evaongorori vese kwakakonzera kusada kukuru pakati pevanoita sarudzo nekuda kwematambudziko chaiwo ekuongorora vanyoreri zvakakwana, nzanga yesainzi inofanira kuramba ichitaura kukosha kwesainzi sechinhu chakanaka pasi rose. Maonero ekodzero dzevanhu, anoenderana netsananguro yeISC ye kodzero yekutora chikamu uye kubatsirwa nesainzi, inopa hurongwa hwakasimba hwekutsigira uku. Mapoka emavhiza akagadziriswa evasayendisiti, zvibvumirano zvinopanana simba nenyika dzinodyidzana nadzo uye kugadziriswa kwekukurumidzira kwekupinda misangano mari mukufambira mberi kwesainzi uye kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese.
Chekupedzisira, ndinotenda kuti vaongorori vanofanira kutsigira shanduko. Nekutaura pachena nezvematambudziko avanosangana nawo, kutsigira rutsigiro rwakasimba rwemasangano uye kubatsira vamwe vashandi kuti vafambise mavhiza, vaongorori vanogona kushanda pamwe chete kuona kuti kufamba-famba muzvikoro kunoramba kuri chinhu chakakosha pane ropafadzo.
Mubvunzo uri pamberi pedu wakajeka: Ticharamba tichigamuchira zvirambidzo zvemavhiza sezvisingadzivisike here, kana kuti tichazviona sezvipingamupinyi zvinofanira kubviswa here? Tichabvumira kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika kuparadzanisa nzanga yesainzi yepasi rose here, kana kuti tichasimbisa kuti sainzi inopfuura miganhu? Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi dzichaumba chimiro. kwete mabasa evaongorori vega vega asiwo remangwana reruzivo rwevanhu pamwe chete nekugona kwedu pamwe chete kugadzirisa matambudziko ari mberi.
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