Nemipiro kubva kuNhengo yeISC, African Academy of Sciences (AAS)
Nezve 30% yezvicherwa zvepasi rose, kusanganisira 70% yekugadzirwa kwecobalt pasi rose, migove yakawanda yemanganese uye depositi yelithium iri kubuda muZimbabwe, Namibia neGhana, Africa ndiyo nyika ine zvicherwa zvakawanda pasi rose. Kudiwa kwezvicherwa izvi kunofungidzirwa kuti kuchakwira zvakanyanya, zvichikwira kusvika pa zvakapetwa kashanu panosvika gore ra2040 sezvo ma solar panels, ma wind turbines, mota dzemagetsi uye masisitimu ekuchengetera zvinhu ari kuwedzera.
Zvisinei, pasina kugona kwesainzi nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvicherwa izvi, Africa iri panjodzi yekuramba iri mutengesi wezvinhu zvitsva pane kuti ive mutyairi wekuchinja kwesimba. Saka, simba rekondinendi mukuchinja uku harizotsamiri zvakanyanya pa geology semugumo, asi zvakanyanya pa geology sesainzi.
Kwemakore mazhinji, hupfumi hwakawanda hweAfrica hwave huchitora chikamu mumisika yepasi rose yezvicherwa kunyanya sevatengesi vekunze kwenyika dzesimbi dzisina kugadzirwa. Zvisinei, dambudziko guru riri pamusoro: mari shoma muongororo dzezve geology, zvivakwa zvemarabhoritari, masisitimu edata, uye dzidzo yepamusoro yezve geology. Ongororo zhinji dzenyika dzezve geology dzinoramba dzichishanda netekinoroji yekare yemepu uye data re geophysical risina kukwana. Pasina mepu yakazara yepasi, nyika dzinotaurirana zvibvumirano zvemigodhi dzisina ruzivo rwakazara rwezviri pasi penyika yadzo. Kusawirirana uku kweruzivo rwezve geology kunoderedza simba rehurumende dzemari, marongerwo emari, uye kuronga kwenguva refu.
"Zvakakosha kuti hurumende dzemuAfrica dziise pamberi uye dzisimudzire kuvaka kwenzvimbo dzezvepasi nekuti chikamu chehunyanzvi hushoma uye huwandu hwevanhu munyika hunogona kubatsira mukudzora zviri nani zviwanikwa zvakakosha zvezvicherwa," anotsanangura kudaro. Purofesa Lise Korsten, Mutungamiriri weAfrican Academy of Sciences.
Kuvaka kugona kwezve geology zvinoreva kuisa mari muongororo dzezve geophysical dziri mumhepo, marabhoritari ezvicherwa, mapuratifomu ekuongorora zve geospatial, uye kudzidzisa chizvarwa chitsva chevasayendisiti vezve geology vemuAfrica vanogona kutevedzera zvakachengetwa, kuongorora njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza, uye kuongorora macheni emutengo. Pasina izvi, hupfumi hwezvicherwa zvekondinendi hunoramba huchitungamirirwa nevekunze.
Masisitimu eruzivo rwe geology muAfrica akagadzirwa kare kuti abatsire kuburitsa, kwete kupa simba. Munguva yehutongi hwenyika, ongororo dze geology dzakatangwa zvakanyanya kuti dzione zviwanikwa zvinotumirwa kunze kwenyika zvehupfumi hwehumambo. Data, mienzaniso, nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi zvaiwanzo yerera kuenda kumaguta makuru eEurope nemakambani epasi rose pane kuenda kumayunivhesiti eAfrica nemasangano ehurumende.
Izvi zvakakonzera kusawirirana kwemaumbirwo ekuti ndiani anogadzira ruzivo uye ndiani muridzi warwo. Ruzivo rwekutsvaga rwunowanikwa nemakambani ekune dzimwe nyika runowanzo gara rwuri rwechokwadi kwenguva yakareba. Kugadzira hunyanzvi kunoitwa kunze kwenyika. Mayunivhesiti emuAfrica haawanzo shandiswa pakati pezvinhu zvitsva zvemigodhi.
Kuchinja maitiro aya kunoda shanduko dzemitemo: kuraira kuti data rekutsvaga riiswe mumadhatabhesi enyika ejioscience mushure menguva dzakatarwa dzekuchengetedza zvakavanzika; kuisa mari mumatura ejiologi anowanikwa pachena anotarisirwa nemasangano emuAfrica; uye kubatanidza kutonga kwedata rejiologi kune hutongi hwedhijitari hwakakura uye mafambiro esainzi akasununguka. Ruzivo runofanira kutenderera mukati memasangano ekutsvagisa emuAfrica kana kutonga kwezvicherwa kuchizopfuura kutorwa.
Kana hunyanzvi hwesainzi huri hwaro hwekuvaka, saka mayunivhesiti nemasangano ekutsvagisa ndiwo hwaro hwayo. Purofesa Felix Toteu, Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weAfrican Academy of Sciences, anotaura kuti kushanduka kunogara kwenguva refu kwehupfumi hwezvicherwa muAfrica kunoenderana nekuvandudza masisitimu edzidzo kuti aratidze chokwadi chezvicherwa mukondinendi.
Izvi zvinoreva kusimbisa madhipatimendi e geology, mining engineering, geochemistry ne geospatial sciences mumayunivhesiti ese eAfrica. Zvinorevawo kubatanidza hupfumi hwezvicherwa, sainzi yezvakatipoteredza, nekudzidziswa kwemitemo kuitira kuti vapedza kudzidza vagone kushanda muchikamu chose chevakakosha - kubva pakutsvaga kusvika pakuvandudza nekugadzira maindasitiri.
Nyika dzinoverengeka dziri kuratidza kuti shanduko iyi inogona kunge yakaita sei. zimbabwe Yakaisa mari yakawanda mukuongorora geology uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi kuti isimbise kugona kwayo kutaurirana muchikamu chedhaimani. Ghana yakavandudza kugona kwayo kugadzira mapu ezve geology kuti ikwezve mari inodyarwa mugoridhe nemidziyo ye lithium iri kubuda uku ichivandudza kutarisirwa kwemitemo.
Padanho repasi rose, African Union Sangano rePan-African Geological Surveys riri kushanda kuti rienderane nezvinodiwa nedata rezvepasi rose kuburikidza nemiganhu yenyika. Nzvimbo yekuvandudza zvicherwa muAfrica Vanotsigira nzira dzekuwedzera kukosha dzinoda kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwesainzi nezvekugadzirisa zvicherwa uye nzira dzemaindasitiri. Zvirongwa izvi zvinoratidza kuti kukwikwidzana kwezvicherwa hakuparadzanisike nekugona kwesainzi.
Kuchinja kwesimba rakachena kwakaratidza dambudziko guru: Africa iri pakati pezvekutengesa mune ramangwana, asi kazhinji iri pamucheto wekugadzirwa kwetekinoroji uye kubatwa kwemutengo. Musiyano uyu unonyanya kuoneka. Ani naani anodzora data repasi pevhu, software yekuenzanisira, uye ruzivo rwepamusoro rwekugadzirisa zvicherwa anodzora simba remitengo uye kutungamira kwemaindasitiri.
Kudyara mari muongororo dzine ruzivo rwakawanda, mawebhusaiti emarabhoritari, uye nzvimbo dzenharaunda dzehunyanzvi hwesainzi yezvepasi rose zvinogona kubvumira nyika dzemuAfrica kutaurirana dziri panzvimbo yakasimba. Nzvimbo dzekutsvaga dzinoshandiswa pamwe chete dzinogona kutsiva misiyano yekukwanisa kwemunhu mumwe nemumwe uku dzichisimbisa simba rekutaurirana kwepasi rose.
"Nekugovana zviwanikwa neruzivo, nyika dzemuAfrica dzinogona kutonga zviri nani data repasi pevhu uye kuvandudza hutungamiriri hwechikamu chemigodhi," anodaro Toteu. Kushandira pamwe kwepasi rose kunoshandura kuedza kwenyika kwakakamurwa kuita simba rekubatsirana.
Kutsvaga zvicherwa zvakakosha pasi rose kuri kukonzera kudzokorora maitiro ekuchera ekare. Asi zvinopawo mukana: kuvaka patsva masangano esainzi, kusimbisa ruzivo rwezvicherwa, uye kuisa Africa panzvimbo itsva kubva pakupa matombo asina basa kuenda pakuva mugadziri wezvicherwa zvemutengo.
Mufananidzo ne Lina Loos on Unsplash
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Ruzivo, mafungiro uye mazano anowanikwa mumablog edu evashanyi ndeevanhu vakapawo pfungwa dzavo uye hazvirevi hazvo kuti zvinoratidzwa netsika nezvitendero zveInternational Science Council.
Verenga zvakawanda nezve mikana yekutsigira kufamba muMusangano weVari Nhengo wepakati pegore 
Verenga zvakawanda nezve Kuita tsvakurudzo yetsika munzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika ine hunhu hwakaganhurirwa Verenga zvakawanda nezveSainzi yemazuva ano: zvinhu zvinotungamira shanduko muhurongwa hwenyika, tekinoroji uye magariro evanhu 