Sayenzi muKudzingwa podcast: Alfred Babo anogovera nyaya yake yekuve ari panjodzi uye mupoteri musayendisiti wezvemagariro.

ISC Presents: Sainzi muExile nhevedzano yepodcasts ine kubvunzurudzwa nevapoteri uye masayendisiti akadzingwa anogovera sainzi yavo, nyaya dzavo dzekutama uye tariro yavo yeramangwana.

Muchikamu chekupedzisira cheScience in Exile tinonzwa kubva kuna Alfred Babo, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu ane tsvakiridzo yakanangana neshanduko yemagariro, kushandiswa kwevana nebudiriro, kutama kwevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika nekunetsana kwevanhu, uye nzanga dzinotevera kusawirirana. Alfred anogovera ruzivo rwake rwekushanda semudzidzisi wepayunivhesiti muCôte d'Ivoire apo nyika yakawira muhondo yevagari vemo, uye gare gare kutsvaga hupoteri kuGhana, Togo uye pakupedzisira kuUnited States, kwaakagara uye kushanda muSociology uye Anthropology. dhipatimendi reFairfield University. 

Iwo akateedzana akagadzirwa semupiro kune iyo 'Sayenzi muKudzingwa' chirongwa, chinoitwa semubatanidzwa pakati peInternational Science Council (ISC), The World Academy of Sciences (UNESCO-TWAS) uye InterAcademy Partnership (DPI).

Teerera zvino

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Alfred: Mayunivhesiti ese eruzhinji munyika, munyika ichiri kusimukira, akavharwa. Handizive kuti tichange tichibhadhara kusvika rinhi, asi unogona kufunga nezvechizvarwa chevadzidzi vari kumashure chaiko nekuti havana kukwanisa kupedza madhigirii, vakatadza kuenda kuchikoro, uye vazhinji vavo kusaita chero chinhu. Uye, hongu, kune fakaroti yaivewo njodzi nekuti zvinoreva kuti hapasisina tsvakiridzo, hapana zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa, hapana basa remurabhoritari, hapana. 

Husam: Ini ndiri mugamuchiri wako Husam Ibrahim uye iyi ndiyo Sainzi muExile podcast. Mune ino nhevedzano, tinowana nzwisiso yehupenyu hwesainzi vari muhutapwa, uye tinokurukura kuti zvakapfuura, zvazvino uye zveramangwana zvesainzi zvinogona kuchengetedzwa sei kumiganhu. Iyi podcast chikamu chekuenderera mberi kwevapoteri uye masayendisiti akatamiswa chirongwa chinotungamirwa neScience International, chirongwa chakabatana neWorld Academy of Sciences, The InterAcademy Partnership uye International Science Council. 

Pachirongwa chanhasi tine Muzvinafundo Alfred Babo, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu kubva kuCôte d'Ivoire, kana kuti anozivikanwa seIvory Coast, ari kutsigira nekushandira budiriro yemagariro nemagariro nezvematongerwo enyika. Alfred inhengo yeScholars at Risk Network Board uye Co-muvambi we'Goverana Platform' - chirongwa chinoshanda nevapoteri pakugadzira chirongwa, kugadzira mitemo, uye kuita.  

Zvichitevera kusawirirana kwesarudzo dzeCôte d'Ivoire muna 2010, nyika yaAlfred yakawira muhondo yevagari vemo. Muna 2011, mushure mekutyisidzirwa nerufu, akamanikidzwa kutiza munyika nemhuri yake. Alfred parizvino anogara kuUnited States achishanda sapurofesa paUniversity yeMassachusetts.  

Iye zvino, Alfred anotiudza nezvekurwisana kwaakasangana nako muCôte d'Ivoire. 

Alfred: Saka, ndinofunga tine zvikamu zviviri zvakakosha kana matanho. Yekutanga yaive muna 2002, pakatanga kupandukira uye, panguva iyoyo, mayunivhesiti chete nemapurofesa aive munharaunda inodzorwa nevapanduki ndivo vainangwa. 

Sezvaungave uchiziva, kukakavara kwakawanda kunoenderana nemadzinza, uye avo vaive vasiri verudzi rwevatungamiriri vevapanduki vakanangwa uye hongu, kunyangwe vasina kunangwa, vazhinji vavo vakatyira hupenyu hwavo uye vakatiza munzvimbo. Yunivhesiti nekambasi yacho zvakatorwa nevapanduki, saka yakava musasa wemauto wevapanduki. 

Mutungamiriri panguva iyoyo akaedza nepaaigona napo kuti atangezve, kuti arambe ari mupenyu. Muguta guru takatanga kuita makirasi pane chero horo yatingawana. Somuenzaniso, mabhaisikopo, mabhaisikopo, kwatinogona kuva nezvigaro 500, zvigaro 300, nzvimbo dzose dzokudzidzisa. Izvi zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo asi takakwanisa kuzvichengeta kwemakore anenge masere, kubva muna 2002 kusvika muna 2010. Asi hondo payakatanga zvakare muna 2010 - 2011, zvakanyanyisa kuvadzidzisi nemayunivhesiti muAbidjan nokuti hondo yakaitika izvi. nguva muguta guru, muAbidjan. Panguva ino, mayunivhesiti akaparadzwa chaizvo. Dzimwe dzedzimba dzekurara dzaishandiswa, zvakare, mabasa echiuto. Kwakanga kuri kuparara kwechikoro chedzidzo yepamusoro muCôte d'Ivoire. 

Mutungamiriri wenyika akasarudza kuvhara mayunivhesiti kwegore rimwe rezvidzidzo. Ndinofunga kwaitova kwerinopfuura gore, pamwe raive gore nehafu. Saka, iyi yaive njodzi yekutsvagisa, yekudzidzisa, yevadzidzi, yevadzidzisi. Mayunivhesiti ese eruzhinji munyika, munyika ichiri kusimukira, akavharwa. Handizive kuti tichange tichibhadhara kusvika rinhi, asi unogona kufunga nezvechizvarwa chevadzidzi vari kumashure chaiko nekuti havana kukwanisa kupedza madhigirii, vakatadza kuenda kuchikoro, uye vazhinji vavo kusaita chero chinhu. Uye, hongu, kune fakaroti yaivewo njodzi nekuti zvinoreva kuti hapasisina tsvakiridzo, hapana zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa, hapana basa remurabhoritari, hapana. 

Husam: Paive nechikonzero chaicho here chekuti mapurofesa akadai sewe vakanangwa panguva yehondo yevagari vemo? 

Alfred: Ndiko kubatana pakati pemayunivhesiti nenhandare yezvematongerwo enyika. Vaya vari kutungamira, vanovhenekera nzanga, vari kubva kumayunivhesiti, vazhinji vacho mapurofesa kumayunivhesiti, kunyanya mushure mekusununguka. Ava ndivo vepamusoro, ava ndivo nyanzvi dziri kutungamira masangano mazhinji emagariro evanhu, semibatanidzwa, chero rudzi rwehungwaru hwekusundira rusununguko, kusundira democracy. Uyu aimbova mutungamiri, Mutungamiri Laurent Gbagbo, aive purofesa wenhoroondo paYunivhesiti yeCocody.  

Husam: Saka, pane chimwe chiitiko chakaitika here, chakaita kuti uzive kuti unofanira kubva munyika? 

Alfred: Kunyange zvazvo ndakanga ndisina kana hukama nehutungamiri hwemutungamiri wenyika iyi, asi nokuti ndiri purofesa paYunivhesiti, ndaiva mumwe weavo vainangwa.  

Ndaivawo munhu werudzi rwaPresident uyu. Zvakare, ndakaita mimwe misangano yepasirese, ndaiva nedzimwe nzvimbo dzandaishora mhirizhonga yezvematongerwo enyika kana kuti mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika munyika yangu. Saka, nekuda kweizvi takagamuchira tyisidziro, saka ndaida kuchengetedza mhuri yangu, uye ndakanga ndisiri ini ndoga, vazhinji vedu vakatyisidzirwa. Saka, haungagari kusvikira kutyisidzira kwauya kwauri. Uye ndinoisa mhuri yangu pekutanga kuti vafambe. Vana vangu vaichema, vachichema. Mwanasikana wangu aichema. Aisada kuenda nababa vake asi ndaitoda kuti vasvike kwavaienda zvakanaka.  

Vaifanira kuzvizivisa, kwete nezita rangu, asi mudzimai wangu airatidza zita rake rekuzvarwa uye achingotaura kuti chitupa akarasa. Uye nekuti mukadzi uye aive nevana, ndinofunga akakwanisa kutamba kadhi iri nekuyambuka pane kuva neni. Izvozvo zvaizovaisa pangozi.  

Zvino shamwari yedu yekuGeneva yakanyatsobatsira, yakanaka chaizvo, ichidaidza vanhu kuti vatibatsire. Ikoko kwakanga kwava kupera kwaMarch, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akanga achiwedzera kuipa muAbidjan. Panguva imwe cheteyo patakanzwa kubva kumasangano epasi rose anorwira kodzero dzevanhu, kuti vapanduki vakauraya vanhu mazana masere pazuva rimwe chete muguta iri reDuekoue. Naizvozvo, pashure pokunge ndatumira mhuri yangu, pakupedzisira ndakasarudza kusasara uye kutiza ndimene ndokukumbanira mhuri yangu. 

Chokwadika, kwakanga kwakaoma kufamba, kuyambuka iyi nharaunda yose kubva kuAbidjan kuenda kuAccra, asi ndakabudirira. Uye kubva kuAccra ndinopfuurira kuenda kuTogo, uye ndiko kwatakagadzirira uye takasangana neScholars paRisk. Uye ndiwo mabatsiriro akaita Scholars paRisk ini nemhuri yangu kuti titamire kuUnited States. 

Husam: Saka, Alfred, sezvatinotaura, sezvamunoziva, tiri kuona zviitiko zvichiitika muAfghanistan izvo zviri kukonzera kuti vanhu, kusanganisira vadzidzi nesainzi, vatize. Chii chaungade kuudza vamwe vako vadzidzi muAfghanistan izvozvi?   

Hongu, nemamiriro ezvinhu aripo iye zvino ndiri kunetseka chaizvo nezviri kuitika muAfghanistan, asi kwete kungove nehanya, asi kufunga pamusoro pechinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kuita. Ndinofunga kuti ndiko kuratidza kubatana kwesainzi uku. Ndinoziva kuti zvakaoma kubva, kunyanya kana uri kuita tsvakurudzo munharaunda yako. Asi ini pachangu ndiri nhengo yebhodhi yeScholars paRisk. Ndanga ndichiona zvatanga tichiita mumavhiki mashoma apfuura kuti tifungidzire uye kuti tiite proactive zvakare. Takatanga mibvunzo yakawanda yekukumbira kumayunivhesiti kuti atore mamwe evapoteri vedu masayendisiti kubva kuAfghanistan. Saka, maSchools at Risk, nemamwe masangano mazhinji ane chekuita nemhando iyi yezviitwa, vari kuita nepavanogona napo kuvapa mukana wekuti vachengetedzeke kutanga vozotanga zvimwe zvezviitwa zvavo uye kugamuchira vezera rangu kubva kuAfghanistan, vachivapa - sezvandaive nemukana - zvimwe zvinzvimbo zvenguva pfupi kumaYunivhesiti, kune mamwe masangano, masangano ekutsvagisa, nzvimbo dzekutsvagisa, kwavanogona kuzorora, kufema zvishoma uye kana vaine mukana, kutanga pamusoro petsvakiridzo yavo yedzidzo, basa ravo redzidzo.  

Kubva kuvanhu vese avo vanobva kuAfghanistan, pane imwe nguva isu tinofanirwa kutarisa kuti ndeupi ruzivo rwavari kuunza, munoziva, navo, tsika yavari kuuya navo, tarenda ripi ravanaro, chii chavanogona kuzviitira. , uye kune nyika inotambira, nzanga inotambira, nharaunda inotambira. Uye ndipo patinofanira kunge tichiisa zvakanyanya kutarisa, mari yakawanda, kuvaka simba. 

Saka, ndinoda kushandisa mukana uno kuvatumira kubatana kwangu.  

Husam: Mupoteri sainzi, sainzi akadzingwa kana sainzinzi ari muhupoteri, ndechipi chinzvimbo chaunozvimiririra, kana chiripo, uye unonzwa wakabatana zvakadii pachiitiko ichocho, Alfred?  

Hongu, ndakanga ndiri nyanzvi panjodzi, chaiko, kutanga. Nyanzvi iri panjodzi nekuti ndaiva munzvimbo iyi yehondo yandaida kupondwa, ndakanga ndava kuda kuurayiwa. Chimiro ichi chakafamba uye chakachinja panguva yangu yekupotera kuGhana kutanga uye kuTogo. Uye ndakava muTogo mumwe munhu akanga ari mupoteri. Uye ndakanga ndisingagoni kutaura kuti ndaiva musayendisiti ari muhutapwa muTogo somuenzaniso, nokuti ndakagara muTogo kwemwedzi ye8 asi ndakanga ndisingakwanisi kudzokera kukudzidzisa, kana kuita tsvakurudzo. Hapana chandaiita zuva rose.  

Saka, mamiriro ezvinhu aya, nguva ino, ndinogona kuti panguva iyoyo ndaingova mupoteri. Zvakanga zvisina kubatana nebasa rangu. Uye ndakaedza mushure memwedzi mina, ndakaedza kuenda ndega paYunivhesiti yeLome muTogo, uye ndanga ndichikumbira vamwe vandaishanda navo mudhipatimendi resociology kuti nditi ndinonzwa kunge ndiri kufa nekuti hapana zvekuita. Zvinoita here kuti ndiuye kuzopa imwe lecture, munoziva, mahara? Ini handisi kukukumbira kuti undibhadhare, hapana, asi ndinoda kutanga kurarama zvakare kuburikidza nebasa rangu, zvirinani kuva pamberi pevadzidzi, kuita hurukuro nevadzidzi, kuita hurukuro nevamwe vandinoshanda navo chingave chinhu chingandibatsira chaizvo. . 

Uye pandakauya kuUnited States kuburikidza neScholars paRisk, saka ndakagamuchirwa pane imwe yunivhesiti. Saka, ndinofunga panguva iyoyo ndakanga chaizvoizvo mupoteri musayendisiti uye zvino ndinogona kutaura pamwe ndiri rudzi kubuda nokuzivikanwa ichi. 

Husam: Saka, kubva zvawakatamira kuUS, basa rako netsvagiridzo zvachinja kana kushanduka sei? Uye ndeipi yakanga iri mimwe yemikana yakabvumira kuchinja ikoko kuitika?  

Alfred: Rudyi. Somusayendisiti, kunyange kana ndiri musayendisiti, sezvo ndiri mupoteri uye ndakapiwa hupoteri, somuenzaniso, handibvumirwi kudzokera kunyika yangu, handiti? Saka, unotsvakurudza sei? Kazhinji kana tichiita tsvagiridzo yedu munyika dzedu, misoro yedu yekutsvagisa, masaiti ekutsvagisa, ungave uri masayendisiti ezvemagariro evanhu kana kuti kwete, imhando iri munzvimbo idzi dzenyika yako. 

Kwandiri, nzvimbo dzangu zhinji dzekutsvagisa dzaive muCôte d'Ivoire. Ndakanga ndichitsvakurudza nezvenyika uyezve nezvemhirizhonga yezvematongerwo enyika muvaduku muCôte d'Ivoire. Zvingangove zvakafanana kune vandinoshanda navo kubva kuAfghanistan vangave vachifamba.  

Saka, kana iwe ukazviwana uri muLondon kana muParis kana muUS, saka mubvunzo ndewokuti, unoenderera mberi sei nemhando iyi yekutsvaga? Unoramba uchishanda sei pamhando iyi yemusoro, handiti?  

Iwe unofanirwa kuvaka yatinodaidza rudzi rwegrey zone yekuzivikanwa kutsva maererano nekutsvaga. Saka, iwe unofanirwa kuwana humwe hungwaru kuronga kwaunogona kuramba uchishanda, kwandiri, muAmerican academia. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuchengetedza tsvakiridzo yangu kuburikidza neimwe network muCôte d'Ivoire, kwandinogona kunge ndichikumbira vamwe vandinoshanda navo kana vadzidzi vakapedza kudzidza kuti vatore ruzivo kwandiri, kundiunganidzira data.  

Uye zvechokwadi, iwe une nzvimbo yekutsvagisa yakasiyana zvachose. Une zvakawanda zvekushandisa zvawaisakwanisa kuwana kana uri munyika yako. Saka, pano ini ndinowana maraibhurari, iwe unokwanisa kuwana mabhuku, une mari yekuenda kumisangano, une mari yekupa tsvakiridzo yako, une mari yekuenda, iwe unoziva, kumwe kumwe kuita tsvakiridzo yako uyezve, kusimudzira. networking.  

Husam: Saka, Alfred, uri mumwe wevakatanga chirongwa che'Goverana Platform' - Ungatiudze zvishoma nezvechirongwa ichi?  

Govera Platform idanho ririkusimbisa kuti isu tinofanirwa kukoshesa hunyanzvi uye kugona kwevapoteri. Vangave vari maartist, vangave vatori venhau, vangave vezvidzidzo kana vanhuwo zvavo, vane zvipo zvatinofanira kusimbisa.  

Iwo ese masangano ari kuita basa rakakura, ari kuita basa rakanaka kwazvo kubatsira vapoteri ivavo, tiri kuvabvunza kuti munzira yekudzika, pane imwe nguva, ivo vanofanirwa kugovera chikuva. Vanofanira kugovera podium nevapoteri.  

Kwenguva yekutanga, vanogona kuvataurira, vanogona kutaura vakamiririra ivo, zvakanaka, asi pane imwe nguva, ivo vanoda kugadzira imwe nzvimbo uye vape vapoteri ivo, munoziva, mukana wekuzvitaurira uye isu. vanogona kushamisika uye isu tinogona kuwana akawanda, akawanda matarenda ane vapoteri ivavo asi kuti vane rudzi rwekuvanda, kana kuti havana mukana wekutaura nezvazvo kana tikasavapa podium, kana tisina. vape mukana wekutaura. 

Husam: Ndinokutendai Muzvinafundo Alfred Babo nekuve pachikamu chino, uye nekugovera nyaya yenyu neScience International. 

Iyi podcast chikamu chepurojekiti inoenderera mberi yevapoteri uye yesainzi yakadzingwa inonzi Sayenzi muKudzingwa. Inofambiswa neScience International, chirongwa chekuti masangano matatu esainzi pasi rose anodyidzana pamberi pemutemo wesainzi. Aya ndiwo, International Science Council, The World Academy of Sciences uye InterAcademy Partnership.  

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve Sainzi in Exile purojekiti ndapota tungamira ku: kanzuru.sainzi/scienceinexile 

Ruzivo, maonero uye kurudziro zvinounzwa nevaenzi vedu hazvireve hunhu uye zvinotendwa neScience International. 

Alfred Babo

Alfred Babo inhengo yefaculty paFairfield University's International Studies Programme uye Sociology and Anthropology Department muUnited States. Asati ajoina Fairfield University, akadzidzisa paYunivhesiti yeBouaké kuCôte d'Ivoire uye gare gare kuSmith College uye University of Massachusetts-Amherst, USA. Tsvagiridzo yaBabo inotarisisa shanduko yemagariro, kushandiswa kwevana nebudiriro, kutama nekupokana kwevanhu, uye nzanga mushure mekupokana. Mabhuku ake achangoburwa anoongorora vapoteri uye mushure mekupokana kwekuvakazve nekuyananisa marongero muAfrica kubva pakuona kwekuenzanisa.

Disclaimer

Ruzivo, maonero uye kurudziro zvinounzwa nevaenzi vedu ndezvemunhu anenge achipa, uye hazvireve hazvo hunhu nezvitendero zve Science International, chirongwa chekuunganidza vamiriri vepamusoro-soro vemasangano matatu esainzi pasi rose: International Science Council (ISC,) InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), uye The World Academy of Sciences (UNESCO-TWAS).

Musoro wemusoro: Stephen Monroe on Unsplash.