Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, ruzivo rwakavakirwa pasainzi uye nzwisiso yemitemo inoshanda zvakakosha mukusimudzira kuzvipira kumatanho ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze paCOP31, muTürkiye muna Mbudzi uno, neAustralia ichitora basa reMutungamiri wehurumende muhurukuro. Ruzivo rwakasimba pamusoro pezvinokonzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze kubva musainzi yezvisikwa neyemagariro evanhu rwakakosha kukurumidzisa matanho ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze uye kuona kuti mhinduro dzakavimbika, dzakaenzana uye dzinoshanda.
Kuvaka pane kufona kwenharaunda yeISC at COP30 muBrazil Kuti pave nerutsigiro rwakawedzerwa rwesainzi, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinoonekwa kuti nzanga yesainzi ingasimbisa sei kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kweruzivo mukurwisa mamiriro ekunze.
Chirevo: Chengetedza nekusimudzira kudyidzana kwesainzi kwepasirese kwekuita kwemamiriro ekunze
Nharaunda yesainzi yepasi rose inokurudzira kuenderera mberi kwerutsigiro rwekutsvagisa kwesainzi uye kubatana kupindura dambudziko remamiriro ekunze.
Kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze zvinobudirira zvinoenderana nekutarisa mamiriro ekunze kwenguva refu uye kwakavimbika. Asi kufukidzwa kwedata kunoramba kusina kuenzana, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine mari shoma uye dzine matambudziko emamiriro ekunze. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwedata remuno kunoita kuti pave nenzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi dzekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze uko kwakakosha. Maitiro mazhinji ekutarisa ari kuramba achipatsanuka, asina mari yakakwana uye ari panjodzi yekurasikirwa nebhajeti kwenguva pfupi, zvichiisa data remuno risingatsiviwe kwenguva refu panjodzi.
Sezvo migumisiro yemamiriro ekunze ichinyanya kukwira uye ichinyanya kuipa, pane chikonzero chekukurumidzira kusimbisa masisitimu ekucherechedza kuti atsigire masisitimu ekuyambira nekudzora njodzi, pamwe nekuongorora matanho ekugadzirisa. Kuvandudza nekuchengetedza masisitimu aya kunoda kubatanidzwa kwenguva refu kwekutarisa kwesatellite nekwemukati, kuatora sezvivakwa zvakakosha zveveruzhinji - zvakaita sekutakura kana kutaurirana - pane kuwedzera kwekutsvaga.
Kunyangwe paine ruzivo rwekuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iri kuitika nekukurumidza, mari yekutsvaga ichiri kukwana, yakakamurwa uye isina kugoverwa zvakaenzana muzvikamu nematunhu. Kunze kwekuwedzera mari kuburikidza nenzira dzenyika nedzenyika dzakawanda, zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa zvinofanirwa kuchinja kubva kumapurojekiti enguva pfupi, asina kubatana kuenda kumabasa anowirirana ane mibvunzo yakafanana yekutsvagisa, data rakagovaniswa uye zviratidzo zvinobatanidzwa.
Kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese kunofanirwa kukurudzirwa, kusanganisira kubatana kwechokwadi pakati pevanhu uye kuchinjana kwetsika kunoda nzira dzekushandira pamwe dzinosanganisa sainzi yechisikigo neyemagariro evanhu, ukuwo zvichibatanidza vanhu vanoita zvemagariro evanhu nezvematongerwo enyika vane hukama hwakasimba munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Izvi zvinodawo shanduko yetsika kubva pamhando dzekutsvaga dzinokwikwidzana chete kuenda kukushandira pamwe, uye mari yakawanda mukubatanidza ruzivo ruripo, asi rwakapatsanurwa, kwete chete mukutsvagisa kutsva.
Ruzivo rwesainzi rwepamutemo chete haruna kukwana kugadzirisa kuoma kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. COP30 yakaratidza kukosha kwekubatanidza ruzivo rwakavakirwa paruzivo, rwakavakirwa pamabasa ekurarama uye kutarisa kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinosanganisira ruzivo rwevarimi, vabati vehove, vafudzi nevagari vemumaguta, pamwe chete nevanoita mabasa akadai semainjiniya, vanopindura panguva yenjodzi, nyanzvi dzehutano hweveruzhinji nevarongi vemaguta.
Masisitimu eruzivo rwechivanhu ndiwo manyuko akakosha ekunzwisisa nharaunda dzemarudzi akasiyana uye tsika dzinochengetedza nharaunda. Izvi zvakasimbiswa nehutungamiriri hweBrazil COP30 hunoratidza mamiriro eAmazon. Dambudziko guru harisisiri kuzivikanwa, asi kubatanidzwa kwemasisitimu akasiyana-siyana eruzivo: kugadzira hurongwa hwakasimba hwe epistemological hunosanganisa ruzivo rwemhando yepamusoro nerwehuwandu, ukuwo huchigadzirisa nyaya dzepfuma yepfungwa, mvumo nekutonga.
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Vanhu vanodudzira ruzivo rwesainzi kuburikidza neruzivo rwehupenyu, tsika, hunhu uye kugona kwavo kuita zvinhu. Sainzi inova nemusoro munharaunda kana ichibatsira vanhu kusarudza zvinhu chaizvo - zvakaita sekuronga maguta, pekugara, mabasa kana hutano - uku vachitora zvinonetsa vagari sezvinhu zvinovabatsira kwete zvipingamupinyi.
Nzira dzekutsvaga dzinobatanidzwa uye dzakagadzirwa pamwe chete dzinogona kusimbisa kukosha pasina kukanganisa kusimba kwesainzi, ndosaka masayendisiti mazhinji ekutanga basa achida kugadzira mamodheru ekubatsira vanhu anobatanidza kutsvagurudza zvakananga nemutemo wemunharaunda uye maitiro. Pamusoro pekubatanidza masayendisiti ezvemagariro evanhu mumapoka ekutsvagurudza, kugadzwa kwemapaneru evagari, uye rutsigiro rwenzvimbo dzekucherechedza vagari kwenguva refu panyaya dzakadai sekupisa, mafashamo kana mhando yemhepo zvinogona kuvandudza kushandiswa kweruzivo rwesainzi munharaunda kuti zvibatsire pakuita kwemamiriro ekunze emunharaunda.
Uyezve, kuisa nyaya munharaunda chishandiso chakakosha chekuvaka kuvimbana uye kurwisa mishandirapamwe yekuzivisa mashoko enhema inononotsa uye inokanganisa matanho ekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Kuvimbisa kuvimbika kweruzivo kwaive chimwe chezvakabuda pachena muCOP30 kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemutemo uyu. Sarudzo yeMutirão uye yakanamatira Chirongwa Chepasi Pose Chekuvimbika Kweruzivo Pakuchinja Kwemamiriro Ekunze.
Musiyano unoramba uripo pakati peongororo dzesainzi dzinoitwa neIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), kazhinji makore mashanu kusvika manomwe ega ega, uye hurukuro dzegore negore dzeCOP pasi peUN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Kunewo matambudziko akatarisana nekuenzana uye kumiririrwa muzvirongwa zvesainzi zvepasi rose, pamwe chete nekuoma kwehunyanzvi hwezvinobuda muIPCC, izvo zvinogona kudzikamisa kuwanikwa kwazvo kune vanogadzira mitemo neveruzhinji.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzwisiso inokosha yesainzi inowanzo kundikana kushandura mhedzisiro yemitemo. Saka, vatungamiri veCOP vemangwana vangada kufunga nezvekugadzira nzira iripo yekubatanidza sainzi yemamiriro ekunze mumaitiro eUNFCCC, zvichibatsira basa rekuongorora reIPCC ukuwo zvichipindura kukurumidza uye zvinodiwa zvekutaurirana zviri kuchinja.
Muna 2026 zvichienda mberi, masisitimu ekucherechedza anoenderera mberi, hurongwa hweruzivo rwunobatanidza vanhu vose uye zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa zvakarongeka zvichave zvakakosha kuti pave nehumbowo hwakadzama hunodiwa kuti pave nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze zvinobudirira. Kuwanikwa kweruzivo urwu, kunyanya padanho remunharaunda, kunoenderana nemagadzirirwo ekutsvagisa anogamuchira zvizere sainzi yemagariro evanhu neyechisikigo, anosanganisira vanhu vakawanda vane chekuita nazvo, pamwe nekuedza kwakasimba kutaurirana nzwisiso yesainzi uye kurwisa ruzivo rwenhema.
Padanho repasi rose, kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye kusadyara mari zvakakwana mukuferefeta kwesainzi zvinogona kuramba zvichienderera mberi mukutungamira kweCOP31. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuwedzera kushanda pamwe chete muzvikamu, matunhu nenharaunda, uye kusimbisa hurukuro pakati pemasayendisiti nevanoita mitemo. Pamusoro pezvose, kusimbisazve kuzvipira kwedu pamwe chete kusainzi, ruzivo rwakagovaniswa uye hurukuro yakasununguka kwakakosha kuti tigone kuita sarudzo dzakavakirwa paruzivo kuti vanhu nepasi vave neramangwana rakachengeteka uye rakarurama.
Mufananidzo: NASA/Kathryn Hansen kuburikidza Flickr (CC BY 2.0)
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