Nezvomunyori: Prof. Pascale Ehrenfreund ndiye Mutungamiriri weCOSPAR. Kwemakumi emakore, anga achibatsira kuESA neNASA zvenyeredzi nemapuraneti mishoni pamwe nekuyedza mupasi pasi orbit uye paInternational Space Station. Akapinda muStanford World Ranking Top 2% Scientists 2022. Asteroid "9826 Ehrenfreund 2114 T-3" ine zita rake.
Kuwedzera kwekudyara kwakazvimirira, kuderera kwemitengo, uye mikana yekutengeserana iri kusimukira iri kusimudzira kukura kwehupfumi hwemuchadenga, nenyika dzinopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe dzava kuita zviitiko zvemuchadenga. Pasinei nekumhanya uku, sainzi yemuchadenga inoramba iri imwe yenzvimbo dzakaomesesa kurongedza kuyambuka miganhu. Zvakawanwa muchikamu chimwe chenyika zvingabatsira sei kufambiro mberi yakagovanwa pasi rose?
Panguva iyo kubudirira kwesainzi kuri kukurumidza uye kuda kwedu kuziva nezve cosmos kuri kuwedzera, kubatana hakuna kumbobvira kwanyanya kukosha. Izvo zvakaoma zvekutsvagisa zvemuchadenga, kubva pakuona kwePasi kusvika pakuongorora mapuraneti uye astrophysics, hazvidi tekinoroji yepamberi chete, asiwo yakarongeka uye inosanganisirwa kudyidzana kwenyika. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo COSPAR inoita basa rakakosha.
By kubatanidza vanopfuura 14,000 vesainzi nevaongorori pasi rese, Komiti yeSpace Research (COSPAR), Nhengo yeInternational Science Council (ISC), inoita basa rakakosha mukukurudzira kubatana kwepasi rose musainzi yemuchadenga. Senzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera uye ine simba yepuratifomu yesainzi kubva pasirese, COSPAR inofambisa shanduko yeruzivo, inowiriranisa zvinonyanya kukosha pakutsvagisa, uye inobatsira kukunda zvipingamupinyi mukutsvaga kufambira mberi kwesainzi kuti vese vabatsirwe.
Yakavambwa muna 1958 ichitungamirwa neInternational Council of Scientific Unions (yava kunzi International Science Council), COSPAR yakagadzirwa panguva yeCold War iine basa rakasiyana-siyana: kuve nechokwadi. kupanana pachena kweruzivo rwesainzi rine chekuita nekutsvaga muchadenga, zvisinei nekukamukana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Anopfuura makumi matanhatu emakore gare gare, iyo mishoni inoramba yakakosha.
Nhasi, COSPAR inounza pamwechete masayendisiti emuchadenga, mainjiniya uye vadzidzi vanobva kwakasiyana kwakasiyana siyana uye masangano, zvichiita kuti kudyidzana kuyambuka miganhu yenyika uye yekuranga. Pamwoyo wekubudirira kweCOSPAR kuzvipira kwayo kuita zvakanaka uye kusarerekera divi rimwe chete. Haitore zvinzvimbo zvezvematongerwo enyika kana kuenderana nechero hurongwa hwenyika. Panzvimbo pezvo, inoshanda seforamu yakavimbika umo pfungwa dzesainzi dzinogona kuchinjana zvakasununguka, kuburikidza nemagungano esainzi, symposia, uye mapaneru ayo mazhinji nemakomisheni. Uku kusarerekera kunosimudzira kutora chikamu kwakaenzana kubva kunyika dzine nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana uye kunovimbisa kuti nyika dziri kusimukira dzinokwanisa kubatsira zvine mutsindo kunhaurirano dzepasi rose uye kudzidza.
Sainzi yemuchadenga inosiyana-siyana. Kubva paheliophysics kusvika pakuchengetedzwa kwepuraneti, kunzwisisa Solar System yedu nechadenga kunoda ruzivo kubva kunyeredzi, fizikisi, chemistry, biology, uye engineering. COSPAR inoshingairira kukurudzira uku kubatanidzwa-kwekudyidzana kwezvirango nekuronga mapoka anoshanda, mapaneru esainzi, uye mapurojekiti ekubatana anobatanidza hunyanzvi kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, the Panel on Planetary Protection inounza pamwechete microbiologist uye mainjiniya kuti vagadzire nhungamiro inogamuchirwa pasi rose yekudzivirira mitumbi yedenga kubva pakusvibiswa kwebiology panguva yekushanya kwechadenga.
COSPAR inoitawo basa rakakosha mukukurudzira kubatana pakati pemasangano epasirese emuchadenga, masangano ekutsvagisa, uye vatambi vechikamu chakazvimirira. Kuburikidza nekuedza uku, mishoni inogona kuvakira pane zvakawanikwa nemumwe, kuderedza kudzokorora uye nekuwedzera kudzoka kwesainzi. Kurongeka kwakadai kwakakosha mumunda umo mishoni dzinowanzobatanidza kudyara kwakakosha, njodzi yehunyanzvi, uye nguva refu.
Sangano rinoshanda zvakare senzira yakakosha yekuparadzira mhedzisiro yesainzi. Magazini ayo anotariswa nevezera rake - Kufambira mberi muSpace Research uye Hupenyu Sayenzi muSpace Research - ipa mapuratifomu anosvikika kuti vaongorori vagovane ruzivo rutsva. Mukuwedzera, COSPAR ichangobva kutangisa a mabhuku akateedzana kuwedzera kuwaniswa kwebudiriro mumunda.
Titan Mushure meCassini-Huygens
Iri vhoriyamu rekutanga muCOSPAR Book Series rinopa pfupiso yeruzivo rwedu nezveTitan, kusanganisira chimiro chemukati, geology, sainzi yemuchadenga uye kugona kwenyeredzi. Inowanikwa matsutso ano.
Imwe yesimba guru reCOSPAR riri mukuzvipira kwayo kudzidzo nekuvaka kugona. Ichiziva kuti kugona kwesainzi hakuna kuganhurirwa kune chero dunhu rimwe chete, COSPAR inoshingairira kutsigira kutora chikamu nevatsvagiri vebasa rekutanga uye masayendisiti kubva kunyika dzine mari yepakati nepakati. Kuburikidza neCapacity-Building Workshops, zvirongwa zvekusimudzira zvehunyanzvi zvevadzidzisi, uye Fellowship Zvirongwa, COSPAR inobatsira kudzidzisa chizvarwa chinotevera chemasayendisiti emuchadenga.
Sangano rinokurudzirawo maitiro ekutsvagisa etsika, utariri kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuongorora zvine mutoro. Nekuisa hunhu uhu mubasa rayo rekubatana, COSPAR inobatsira kuumba nharaunda yepasi rose yesainzi yepasi rose ine hunyanzvi uye ine mutoro wemagariro.
As nguva itsva yekuongorora muchadenga inoitika, inoratidzirwa nemisheni yemwedzi, zvishuvo zveMars, uye mubatanidzwa uri kukura wakazvimirira, kudikanwa kwokubatira pamwe kwenyika yose kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera. Kuzvipira kwenguva refu kweCOSPAR kunhaurirano pakati pevose vanobatanidzwa, kusanganisira maindasitiri emuchadenga, nerutsigiro rwayo kusainzi isina miganhu, inoita kuti ive chikamu chakakosha chepasi rose chesainzi ecosystem.
Kana pfungwa dzesainzi dzichigovaniswa, zvinonetsa zvinotariswa pamwechete, uye kutora chikamu kwakawedzera, sainzi yemuchadenga inogona kuzadzisa kugona kwayo kubatsira vanhu. Kunyangwe muongorori akagadzwa, sainzi webasa rekutanga, kana mumwe munhu anofarira nezvechadenga, pane mikana yekuita basa iri repasi rose.
Joinha isu mukuvaka ramangwana apo sainzi yemuchadenga inoshandira vanhu vese. Visit COSPAR webhusaiti kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvezvirongwa zvedu, zviitiko zvinouya, uye kuti ungabatike sei.
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