Kupfupisa kweSainzi Yakavhurika: Kuisa zvinokurudzira zveSainzi Yakavhurika mumasisitimu ekutsvagisa

Nezve vanyoriNyaya iyi yakagadzirwa nenhengo dzeSHARC (Sharing Rewards and Credit) Interest Group, boka rine hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana mukati meResearch Data Alliance (RDARDA, yakatangwa muna 2013, chirongwa chepasi rose chinotungamirwa nenharaunda chinovaka zvivakwa zvemagariro evanhu nehunyanzvi kuti zvigone kugovaniswa kwedata rakavhurika pakati pemakirasi nemiganhu. Boka reSHARC rinotarisa pakuvandudza kuti mabasa eOpen Science, kunyanya kugovana data nezviwanikwa, anocherechedzwa sei uye anopihwa mubayiro mukuongorora tsvakurudzo.

Ongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura neSHARC inosimbisa kuti maitiro eOpen Science (OS) haasati azivikanwa zvakanyanya muongororo yekutsvagisa. Kuvhara mukaha uyu kunoda shanduko yakarongeka pakati pemasangano, masangano anotsigira mari, vaburitsi, nevanogadzira mitemo. Pasina shanduko kumarongerwo ekukurudzira, kuvhurika kucharamba kuri chishuwo pane kungogara kuripo.

Pasinei nekukwira nekukurumidza kweOpen Science sepfungwa yepasi rose, masisitimu emubairo wedzidzo anoramba akavakirwa muzviyero zvechinyakare. OS inokurudzira kujeka, kugovana data, software, nezvimwe zvakabuda mukutsvagisa, kushandira pamwe, kuvandudzwa kwekudzokororwa, uye kufambira mberi kwesainzi nekukurumidza. Asi pasinei nemabhenefiti aya, kushandiswa kunoramba kusina kuenzana. Masisitimu ekuongorora echinyakare anotungamira zviyero zvakaita semhedzisiro yejenari uye zvirevo zvinoramba zvichitonga.

Zvipo zviviri zvachangobva kuitwa kubva kuResearch Data Alliance (RDA) Sharing Rewards and Credit (SHARC) Interest Group - ongororo yepasi rose pamusoro pemikana yekuzivikanwa mumabasa eOS (PLOS ONE, 2024) uye seti yekurudziro dzevane chekuita nazvo (Chinyorwa cheSainzi yeData, 2025) – simbisa kukosha kwekugadzirisa hurongwa hwehurongwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvinokurudzira kutsvagisa zvinoratidza tsika dzeOS.

Ongororo yeSHARC yakaunganidza mhinduro kubva kune vatori vechikamu mazana maviri nemakumi matatu kubva kumakondinendi mashanu. Zvakawanikwa zvikuru zvinosanganisira:

• 90% vaiziva Open Science (OS).
• 63% vainyanya kuita basa rekubudisa pachena.
• Vashoma kwazvo vakatora chikamu mune dzimwe nzira dzeOS dzakadai sekunyoresa usati watanga kana kuongorora kwevashandisi vewebhusaiti.
• 74% vaiziva nezvemitemo yeFAIR (Kuwanikwa, Kuwanikwa, Kushanda pamwe chete, uye Kushandisazve), asi chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu chete ndicho chakati chinoshandisa mitemo iyi (Kururamisira).
• Vanhu vanodarika 50% vakati masangano avo ane mitemo yepamutemo yeOS, asi vashoma vakataura kuti vakagamuchira zvinokurudzira zvinooneka zvekutsigira kuitiswa kwayo.

Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinoratidza kusawirirana kuripo pakati pezvibvumirano zvepasi rose kuOS uye chokwadi chemaitiro ekuongorora tsvakurudzo.

Pavakabvunzwa kuti ndeapi mabasa anofanira kupihwa mibairo, vakapindura vakakoshesa manejimendi nekugovana data re open uye FAIR, zvichiteverwa ne open access publishing. Maitiro akadai se preprint sharing uye kushanda pamwe chete kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzekutsvagisa online akawana mhinduro dzakasiyana-siyana. Ruzhinji (85%) rwakashuma kuti masangano avo haana nzira dzekubhadhara dzakatarwa. Sezvakataurwa nemumwe mutori wechikamu: "Kuburitsa data re open kana software hazvisati zvave kuverengerwa mumipimo yangu yekushambadza."

Mienzaniso yakanaka yakatarisana nenyika shoma - kusanganisira France, United States, Netherlands, neFinland - uko masangano anopa mari, mibairo, mabheji, kana dzimwe nzira dzekuzivikanwa. Mumabasa akasiyana-siyana, sarudzo yakanyanya kuve yekuisa zviratidzo zveOS zvakananga musarudzo dzekuhaya, kukwidziridzwa, uye mari. Vakapindura vakasimbisa kudiwa kwekuenzanisa zviyero zvemhando uye huwandu, vachiona kuti mipiro yeOS inocherechedzwa pasina kutevedzera zvipingamupinyi zvezviyero zviripo. Pamwe chete, zvakawanikwa zvinojekesa kudiwa kwekugadzirisa systemic kuti kuwiriraniswe zvinokurudzira zvekutsvagisa nemaitiro eOS.

Kuti vagadzirise matambudziko aya, RDA SHARC Interest Group yakagadzira mazano ekupa mazwi akagovaniswa, maturusi ekugadzira mapu, uye gwara rinoshanda kumasangano, vanopa mari, uye vaparidzi pamusoro pekuti vangaenzanisa sei zvinokurudzira nemisimboti yeOS. Nekuisa izvi muhurongwa hwekuhaya, kukwidziridzwa, uye hwemari, mazano aya anovavarira kuvaka tsika yekutsvagisa inogara ichicherechedza uye ichipa mipiro yeOS.

Mazano ekupa mibairo yeOpen Science

Masangano anoita tsvakurudzo inofanira kuziva zviri pamutemo mipiro yeOS nekubatanidza data reFAIR, kodhi, nezvimwe zvinobuda mumabasa ekutsvaga vashandi, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kukwidziridzwa. Kuteverwa kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuburikidza nemashoko ekuwanikwa, magwaro, uye zvinongedzo zvinogara zviripo kupfuura nzira yekare yekuburitsa mabhuku. Masangano anofanirawo kuisa mari muzvivakwa, kudzidziswa, uye rutsigiro rwevashandi, uye kupa mibairo inooneka senge mibairo, mabheji, kana masabhaticals.

muenzaniso: The CNRS Roadmap yeOS inofunga chete nezvezvinobuda zvakachengetwa mumarepositori akavhurika panguva yekuongorora mashandiro, nepo Mugadziro weNORCAM zvinonyatsobatanidza maitiro eOS mukuongorora tsvakurudzo uye kufambira mberi kwebasa.

Vanopa mari Vanofanira kupa mvumo nekutsigira nezvemari maitiro eOS - kusanganisira kutarisira data, kugovera, uye kudzidzisa - uye kuziva zvakasiyana-siyana zvakabuda senge datasets, software, uye preprints semipiro yekutanga yekutsvagisa. Vanofanirawo kutarisa kutevedzera misimboti yeOS uye kutaura pachena mhedzisiro inotsigirwa nemari kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti vanozvidavirira uye kukurudzira maitiro akanaka.

muenzaniso: ANII yeUruguay inosanganisira mabhajeti eOS akatsaurirwa muzvirongwa zverubatsiro. Sainzi yeAligning Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Mutemo weOS inoda kuti vanopa rubatsiro vagovane data, kodhi, maprotocol, uye zvinhu zvakakosha munzvimbo dzakavhurika pamwe chete nezvinyorwa zve preprints uye zvinyorwa zve open-access.

vaparidzi Vanofanira kushandisa zviratidzo zvinoramba zvichionekwa (semuenzaniso maORCID, maDOI) kune vanyori, madatasets, software, nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekutsvagisa, uye vanofanira kuraira kunyorwa kwakakodzera uye kutevedzera FAIR kuti vawedzere kuwanikwa uye kushandiswazve. Vanofanirawo kutsigira ongororo yakasununguka yevamwe, kupa vagadziri vekuongorora madatasets, kodhi, nezvinhu, uye kushandisa mitemo yevanopa rubatsiro yakaita se CRediT kubvuma zviri pamutemo mhando dzakasiyana dzemipiro.

muenzaniso: The Mutemo wePLOS OS inokurudzira kugovana zvinhu zvekutsvagisa, kusanganisira data, kodhi, nezvinhu, uye inoongorora kutevedzera mitemo kuburikidza Zviratidzo zveOS. The American Naturalist mabasa akazvipira vagadziri vedata kuona kuti datasets nekodhi zvinoenderana nenheyo dzeFAIR.

Vagadziri vemitemo yehurumende Vanofanira kubatanidza OS muzvirongwa zvesainzi yenyika, kusanganisira nzira dzemubairo nekuziva kubva pakutanga. Vanofanirawo kukurudzira kurongeka uye kubatana kuti vatsigire kushanda pamwe chete uye kuongororwa kwakafanana pakati pemasangano.

muenzaniso: Furanzi (MHERI, 2021) uye Netherlands (Gielen nevamwe, 2022) vakaisa marongerwo emubairo weOS mumitemo yavo yesainzi yenyika.

Vaongorori vega vega Vanofanira kushandisa zviratidzo zvinogara zviripo zvakaita seORCIDs neDOIs kuti vawedzere kuoneka uye kuteverwa. Vanofanira kuteedzera nekutaura zvinobuda muOS, kusanganisira datasets, software, nezvimwe zvinhu, mumaCV nemaapplication, uye kushandisa nzira dzekuziva zviratidzo dzakadai semabheji kana mabasa evamiriri kuti varatidze mipiro yavo.

muenzaniso: Vatsvagiri vanogona kuvandudza kuonekwa kwebasa nekubatanidza zvinobuda muOS kune zvavo ORCID zvinyorwa uye kushandisa Mabheji eOS kumabasa avo.

Inofanira-kuverenga pane yakavhurika sainzi 

• Kubviswa kweUS kubva kuUNESCO: Izvi zvinorevei kune Open Science? 
• Kushaikwa kwemabhuku esainzi 
• Kugamuchira kuoma kwe '100% OA': kubva pachikamu kusvika pakutora chikamu 
• Kuwanikwa pachena uye zvinobuda mukutsvagisa: Ndiani muridzi weruzivo rwedu? 
• Mayunivhesiti anofanira kudzoreredza tsvakurudzo yeAI kuti zvibatsire veruzhinji 
• Vhiki reInternational Open Access ra2025 rinopa pfungwa huru kubva muhurukuro pamusoro pedingindira rinoti: “Ndiani Muridzi weRuzivo Rwedu?” 
• TheoretiCS: kuseri kwezviitiko zvemagazini yesainzi inovhura mukana wekupinda 
• Maitiro ekubatana akaumba sei mukana wekupinda pachena muLatin America 
• Open Access inofanira kushanda kune wese munhu 
• Zvivakwa zvevanhu zvesainzi yakavhurika: nei kudzidzisa kuchikosha kupfuura kare 
• Metadata yevanopa mari pachena yakakosha kuti pave nekujeka kwechokwadi pakutsvagurudza 

Kuvandudzwa kwazvino mune sainzi yakavhurika 

• Musangano weUN Open Science & Open Scholarship unoda chiito chekukunda kusawirirana muzviito nekutora chikamuChiziviso cheKomiti Yekupa Mazano yeMusangano chinosimbisazve kuti sainzi yakavhurika inosimudzira ruzivo sechinhu chakanaka pasi rose uye chinomira sechinhu chakakosha pakuzadzisa Chibvumirano cheRamangwana. 

• Kuvandudzwa kwezvinyorwa zvesainzi: Chirevo cheStockholmMushure memusangano waChikumi 2025 paRoyal Swedish Academy of Sciences, chiziviso ichi chikumbiro chekubatanidza pasi rose boka rehurumende dzinoda, vanopa mari, zvikoro zvepamusoro, nemasangano esainzi kuti vaite nekukurumidza kubatsira kudzorera kuvimba nesainzi. 

• cOAlition S inosimbisa kuzvipira kweOpen Access uku ichifambira mberi nechikamu chinotevera chehurongwa. Makore manomwe mushure mekutangwa kwePlan S, mubatanidzwa wepasi rose wemasangano ekutsigira tsvakurudzo nekutsigira wakatsanangura hurongwa hutsva hwekusimudzira kushanda kwavo pamwe chete pakuwana mukana wekuwana ruzivo rwakavhurika (2026-2030). 

• Zvinyorwa zvepakutanga 'hazvisi kutanga' muAfrica. Nyanzvi dzakayambira pamusangano wepaindaneti wa12 Mbudzi kuti ma "preprints" haasati awana nzvimbo muAfrica yekutsvagisa, kunyangwe achikwanisa kukurumidzisa mukana wekuwana ruzivo rwakavhurika uye kushandira pamwe. 

• Kufambira mberi pakukurukurirana kwekupinda pachena muAustralia neNew ZealandDare reVaraibhurari veYunivhesiti yeAustralasian (CAUL), Mayunivhesiti eAustralia, neMayunivhesiti eNew Zealand, vasvika pachibvumirano chitsva chakakosha chekupinda pachena naTaylor naFrancis.  

• Center for Open Science yakapihwa mari yekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza ruzivo rwesainzi rwakabhadharwa neveruzhinjiCOS yakapihwa mari kubva kuRobert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) kuti igadzire hurongwa hwemagariro hunotungamirirwa nenharaunda hwekuona kuti data resainzi rinotsigirwa nehurumende rinochengetwa kwenguva refu, riri nyore kuwanikwa, uye rinoshandisika. 

• UNESCO inoburitsa zvakawanikwa kubva mukubvunzana pamusoro pehurongwa hwepasi rose hwekuwana madhaimani akasunungukaMushumo uyu unopa mhedzisiro yeongororo inonzi "Consultation on a Global Diamond Open Access Framework," yakaitwa online pakati paGunyana 2024 naNdira 2025 neUNESCO. 

• Maraibhurari ekuUS anowana mari yekubatsira kusimudzira Diamond Open AccessLyrasis, pamwe chete neBig Ten Academic Alliance's Center for Library Programs neCalifornia Digital Library (CDL), vakapihwa mari inosvika $206,886 kubva kuGates Foundation yekusimudzira kuburitswa kwemashoko edzidzo anotungamirwa nenharaunda muUnited States. 

• Vechidiki vanoratidza kuzvipira kwavo kusainzi yakavhurikaHurukuro yepasi rose ine musoro unoti "Kubatanidza Nyika: Simba reVechidiki muSainzi Yakavhurika" yakaitirwa muBeijing muna Mbudzi kuti vakurukure mikana nematambudziko ekushandira pamwe kwesainzi yepasi rose pakati pekushanduka kuri kuita sainzi yakavhurika nemakwikwi etekinoroji yepasi rose. 

• arXiv yawana mari inosvika mamiriyoni manomwe emadhora ekusimudzira kubva kuSchmidt Sciences neNASA kuti vagadzirise arXiv, nzvimbo yekutsvagisa yakavhurika ine zvinyorwa zvinopfuura mamiriyoni 2.8.  

• Arab States Research and Education Network (ASREN) yatanga chirongwa chitsva chekuwana mukana wekupinda neLA Referencia neRedCLARAChiitiko chakakosha chenhoroondo yedunhu reArab chakaziviswa muna Zvita nekutanga kweTibr, iyo Arab Regional Open Access Harvester, puratifomu yakavhurika inobatanidza, inobatanidza, uye inosimudzira kugona kwesainzi kweArab States kuburikidza nenzvimbo imwe chete yekupinda. 

• Chirongwa cheOpen Science Monitoring Initiative (OSMI) chakaburitsa zvakawanikwa muongororo yaro ya2025. OSMI yakaita ongororo yevanopa ruzivo rwezvedzidzo kuti vanzwisise maitiro ekutarisa aripo, mhedzisiro yakavhurika, uye zvinodiwa zviri kubuda.  

• Kushandira pamwe kutsva kunopa simba zviuru zvevaongorori kuti vagovane nzira dzekutsvagisa, kuvandudza kugona kudzokorodza uye kusimudzira kufambira mberi kwesainzi pasi roseSpringer Nature neResearch4Life vanowedzera kubatana kwavo kuti vabatanidze mukana wekuwana protocols.io kune masayendisiti ari munyika dzinopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe dzine mari yakaderera yepakati. 

• Chikamu chemayunivhesiti eUK chasvika pachibvumirano nevanoburitsa mabhuku vana vakuru. Mayunivhesiti ekuUK asvika pachibvumirano chitsva chekudhinda neElsevier, Springer Nature, Taylor & Francis naWiley icho chinangwa chacho ndechekusimudzira mukana wekuwana mabhuku pachena, kusanganisira kuyedza kubvisa muripo wekugadzirisa zvinyorwa, kunyangwe kunetseka nezvekukwanisika kwemari zvichireva kuti mamwe masangano anogona kusarudza kusazvishandisa. 

• Chinyorwa cheBogota: Kuenda kuSainzi Yakavhurika, Yedemocracy uye Yakabatana Nemagariro Evanhu muLatin America neCaribbean. . Yakabudiswa neLatin American Council of Social Sciences, chiziviso ichi chinoda kushandura sainzi muLatin America neCaribbean kuita basa regutsaruzhinji, rine chekuita nemagariro evanhu, uye rakavhurika - richibata ruzivo rwesainzi sechinhu chakanaka kune veruzhinji, richikurudzira masisitimu ekuongorora anosanganisira vanhu vose, uye richiona kuti nharaunda inobatanidzwa, hutongi hwezvemagariro evanhu, uye mukana wekuwana zvinhu zvakaenzana (zvinowanikwa muchiSpanish neChirungu). 

Vhura Sayenzi zviitiko nemikana 

• Kumbirai kuti vanhu vane chido chekubatana neGlobal Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS) - zuva rekupedzisira: 15 Ndira 2026 
• Kudanwa kwemafomu ekunyorera: Mubairo we2026 WDS Data Stewardship Award - zuva rekupedzisira: 16 Ndira 2026 
• Tender yekuziva cOAlition S Host Secretariat - zuva rekupedzisira: 31 Ndira 2026 
• Musangano wechitatu wepasi rose weDiamond Open Access – 2-6 Kukadzi 2026, Bengaluru, India 

Mufananidzo na Leif Christoph Gottwald on Unsplash

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