ISC inobatikana muzvikamu zveIntergovernmental Negotiating Committee on Plastic Pollution (INC), ichipa Nhengo dzeNyika ruzivo rwakakwana kubva kune zvese zvakasikwa uye zvemagariro sainzi. Muchirevo ichi, nyanzvi dzeboka reISC nyanzvi pakusvibiswa kwepurasitiki dzinodzokorora hwaro hwakakosha hwesainzi hwechibvumirano chakabudirira, chesainzi zvichitevera kumbomiswa muBusan.
Sangano reInternational Science Council (ISC), rinomiririra mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ezvikoro zvesainzi munyika, masangano epasi rose anoranga uye masangano esainzi edunhu, anorumbidza kuedza kukuru kwenhengo dzeINC kupedzisa chiridzwa chepasi rose chinosunga zviri pamutemo kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kusanganisira munharaunda yegungwa. Semucherechedzi anotenderwa, ISC yakatora chikamu muchikamu chega chega chenhaurirano, ichinyatsofunga nekugadzirisa zvinonetsa uye.
mibvunzo yenhumwa.
Mukuita uku kwese, ISC yakapa mapindiro chaiwo kusanganisira pane humbowo hwesainzi huripo kuti ive nechokwadi umboo-based decision making, yakapa mazano ekusimbisa kurongeka pakati pekuita sarudzo nezano resainzi, kunyanya kuburikidza nekugadzira yakasimba science-policy interface, pamwe chete neruzivo rwesainzi inodiwa pakuita.
Mipiro yedu inoratidza kudiwa kwekukurumidzira, sezvakaratidzwa muUNEA Resolution 5/14, yekusimudzira sainzi-policy interface pamatanho ese kugadzirisa dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki. Panguva ino yakakosha, tinokurudzirwa nemvumo yesainzi, ruzivo rwechinyakare, ruzivo rwechivanhu, uye masisitimu eruzivo rwenzvimbo sezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira nekuita chibvumirano.
Mune mweya uyu, tinopa hwaro hwakakosha hwesainzi uye nzira dzekubatanidza yakanakisa yakazvimirira sainzi muchirongwa chekuvandudza chibvumirano uye kuita:
- Kubvumirana pane yakazara chiyero uye zvinangwa zvekupedza kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki mhiri hupenyu huzere hwemapurasitiki - kubva mukutora nekugadzira kushandisa nekurasa - ichave yakakosha pakuwana chishandiso chinoshanda chekupedza kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki uye zvinokuvadza zvinokanganisa vanhu nenharaunda. Zviito zvepakati nepasi chete hazvigone kugadzirisa dambudziko iri; kupindira kwechimbichimbi kumusoro kwemvura kwakakosha kudzikisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki panzvimbo yayo. Maitiro akadaro anozodzikisa zvinokuvadza, kuderedza kusaenzana munyika dzese, uye kurerutsa mutoro wakawandisa munharaunda nemarudzi.
- Kuvandudzwa kwechiridzwa, kusanganisira zvinangwa zvayo uye nheyo, inofanira kutungamirirwa ne Imwe nzira yehutano nemitemo yakabatana, inosimbisa kubatana pakati pehutano hwevanhu, hutano hwemhuka, uye zvakatipoteredza. Pamusoro pezvo, inofanirwa kuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu, kunyanya kodzero yehutano, kodzero iri kuramba ichizivikanwa yenzvimbo ine hutano, uye kodzero dzevana nevagari vemunharaunda pasi rose.
- Matanho anoshanda anofanira gadzirisa kunobva uye vatyairi vekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, kusanganisira kudzikisa uye kudzora kugadzirwa kwekutanga uye zvinonetsa zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa mapolymers uye makemikari ekunetseka, pamwe neanodzivirirwa uye ane dambudziko mapurasitiki akadai senge-kushandisa zvinhu uye nemaune akawedzera microplastics. Scientific syntheses zvidzidzo, tsvagiridzo, uye kuyerera kwezvinhu zvinosimbisa kuti matanho ekudzikisa kana kumisa kugadzirwa kwepurasitiki chinhu chakakosha chinodiwa kugadzirisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki nekuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda. Kudzikiswa kwekugadzirwa kusingagadzirike uye kupa kunodiwa kusimudzira zvigadziriso mukati mehupenyu hwese hwepurasitiki.
- Sainzi-yakavakirwa, maitiro akabvumiranwa pasi rose kuona kuchengetedzeka uye kusimba kwezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki uye dzimwe mhinduro nyowani, zvinosanganisira zvigadzirwa zvisiri zvepurasitiki senge bio-based, biodegradable uye compostable mapurasitiki, zvakakosha mukugonesa hupfumi husina chepfu. Aya maitiro anofanirwa kuzivisa uye kutungamira ese ekudzora matanho uye zvinangwa, kusanganisira zvekugadzirisa zvinonetsa uye zvinodzivirirwa mapurasitiki, pamwe nemapolima nemakemikari ane hanya.
- Transparency uye traceability mukati mehupenyu hwepurasitiki kutenderera chichava chinhu chakakosha kune chinoshanda chiri pamutemo chinosunga chiridzwa, chichigonesa kuita kwayo kunobudirira kumatunhu ese epasi uye enyika. Chiridzwa chinofanirwa kuwedzera kujeka mukugadzirwa uye kuumbwa kwechigadzirwa, kumisa zvinodiwa pasi rose kuti zvive pachena uye kuteedzera kwemakemikari uye ruzivo rwezvinhu, pamwe chete nemazitanho ekunyora.
- Kuongorora kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kwakakosha pakuronda mafambiro akaitwa mukuita zvisungo zvechibvumirano uku tichiona kuve pachena nekuzvidavirira. Izvi zvinoda kugadzwa kweakamisikidzwa epasi rose maitiro uye mapuroteni, yakavhurika-yekuwana data masisitimu, uye yepasi rose dhijitari hub pasi pesangano repasi rese kubatanidza data-kutenderera kwehupenyu. Nzira dzekutarisa dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuzivisa uye kuzadzisa kuongororwa kwenguva nenguva, ichipa data rakakosha kuongorora mafambiro uye kushanda kwechibvumirano. Kuti ubudirire kwenguva refu, mari inoenderera uye kuenderana nemaitiro aripo zvakakosha.
- Chiridzwa chinofanira kusanganisira zvisungo zvakajeka uye shanduko yakasimba chete zviyero mumapurasitiki akazara hupenyu kudzikisa kuremerwa uye kukanganisa kwehupfumi kunharaunda nematunhu, kusanganisira nzvimbo dziri kure dzakaita senzvimbo dzepolar. Zvisungo izvi zvinofanirwa kusimudzira rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi, kuendesa tekinoroji uye kuvaka hunyanzvi, pamwe chete nerutsigiro rwakasimba rwemari nehunyanzvi hwekuita zvinobudirira.
- Mamiriro akasimba ekugonesa akakosha pakuitwa kwezvisungo, kunyanya kuburikidza nekugadzwa kwe yakasimba mari nzira, kunyanya kutsigira kushandiswa munyika dzine mari shoma uye SIDS. Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya kunoda mari yakawanda—inofungidzirwa kudarika $ 1 trillion USD pamusoro pemakore makumi maviri- kuvandudza nekuwedzera masisitimu ekudzora marara munzvimbo idzi. Isu tinotsigira kuumbwa kwehomwe yakatsaurirwa yemarudzi akawanda, inoziviswa nekunyatsoongorora zvinodiwa uye humbowo huripo, kuve nechokwadi chekutsigira kwakaenzana uye kunoshanda.
- Kuenderera mberi kwekuita sarudzo pasi pechibvumirano kunofanirwa kutsigirwa humbowo hwesainzi hwakasimba uye nyanzvi yakazvimirira inopinza. Kuti zvizadzise izvi, zvimiro zvemazano zvesainzi zvinofanirwa kuramba zvakasununguka kubva kune zvinomanikidza zvekunze, zvisava nemakakatanwa ekufarira, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuwana pachena, nenguva yekuwana humbowo hwakawanda. Izvi zvimiro zvinofanirwa kubatanidza vane ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana uye kuwedzera kuwirirana nearipo esainzi-mitemo miviri. Isu tinokurudzira zvakasimba kuti mazwi ekunongedza uye mitemo yemaitiro ezvivakwa izvi zvitungamire nekuongororwa kwekuita, kuzvimiririra, uye kushanda kwemasangano akafanana esainzi uye ehunyanzvi akagadzwa pasi pemamwe Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs)
Iyo ISC paFifth Session yeIntergovernmental Negotiating Committee yePlastic Pollution (INC-5)
ISC yakazvipira kusimudzira chiridzwa chakasimba chinosunga zviri pamutemo kupedza kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, chakavakirwa muuchapupu hwazvino hwesainzi. Kuburikidza nekushanda pamwe chete neNhengo dzeNhengo, ISC iri kushanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekuwana ruzivo rwakakwana rwesainzi rwunotora sainzi yechisikigo neyemagariro.
Boka reISC nyanzvi pakusvibisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki rakabatanidza mipiro ine chekuita negwara, kuendesa chirevo uye zvinyorwa, zvakaronga zviitiko zveparutivi nematafura, vakapinda mumisangano yedunhu uye vakashanda pamwe nenhume dzenyika panguva yepakati inotungamira kuINC-5.
ISC nyanzvi nenharaunda ku INC-5
Margaret Spring
Mukuru weKuchengetedza uye Sainzi Mukuru Monterey Bay Aquarium
Dr.Adetoun Mustapha
Adjunct Researcher Nigerian Institute of Medical Research; Lead City University, Nigeria
Alex Godoy
Mubatanidzwa Purofesa uye Mutungamiriri weSustainability Research Center Chikoro cheUinjiniya, Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile.
Peng Wang
Muzvinafundo Chinese Academy yeSainzi
Ilaria Corsi
Co-Sachigaro Scientific Committee paAntarctic Research (SCAR) Plastic Action Group
Clara Manno
Co-sachigaro Scientific Committee yeAntarctic Research (SCAR) Plastic Action Group
Hervé Raps
Delegate Chiremba Wekutsvagisa - Human Health Unit Center Scientifique De Monaco
Jorge Emmanuel
Adjunct Purofesa weEnvironment Sayenzi uye weUinjiniya, Silliman University
Jenna Jambeck
Georgia Athletic Association Akakurumbira Purofesa weEnvironment Engineering
Anda Popovici
Sainzi Officer Global Science Policy Unit, International Science Council
Image kubudikidza UNEP / Duncan Moore on Flickr.
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